Effects of uniconazole and waterlogging stress in seedling stage on the physio logy and yield in adzuki bean

Abstract

In order to explore the difference on the resistance physiology and yield and the mitigation effect of uniconazole (S3307) pretreatment under waterlogging stress, the pot experiment was conducted using Longxiaodou 4 (LXD 4) and Tianjinhong (TJH). The anti-stress physiological indexes and yield were measured on 5th day after waterlogging stress and foliar spraying S3307 at seedling stage, and samples were taken every day. The results showed that leaf physiological indexes in waterlogging stress were changed during seedling stage, the content of H 2 O 2 , MDA, proline and soluble protein were significantly increased, as the same as the content of ABA, IAA, and SA, and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT. Waterlogging treatment for five days resulted in a significant decrease in the output of LXD 4 in a single pot by 8.40% to 12.61%, and that of TJH decreased by 9.91% to 10.01%. S3307 had the effect of resisting waterlogging stress, and could effectively increase the content of proline and soluble protein in the leaf of adzuki bean, significantly reduced the content of H 2 O 2 and MDA, significantly increased the activity of SOD and POD, the value of SOD/POD and SOD/CAT, significantly increased the ABA and SA content, and significantly inhibited the increase in IAA content. Foliar spraying S3307 significantly increased the output of LXD 4 by 2.85% to 6.18% under waterlog-第 3 期 项洪涛等: 幼苗期淹水胁迫及喷施烯效唑对小豆生理和产量的影响 495 ging treatment for four days, and significantly increased the yield of TJH by 2.85% to 3.95%, respectively. This study concluded that there were significant differences under physiological stress in reactive oxygen species accumulation, membrane lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities and hormone levels among different varieties of adzuki bean under waterlogging stress. Spraying S3307 could effectively alleviate the effects of waterlogging stress on the physiology and yield in adzuki bean. The results provide a theoretical basis for further studying the physiological mechanism of adzuki bean resistance to waterlogging at the seedling stage and improving the yield of adzuki bean under waterlogging stress.

Exogenous Chemicals Used to Alleviate or Salvage Plants under Flooding/Waterlogging Stress: Their Biochemical Effects and Perspectives

“…Waterlogging stress causes plant cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in imbalance of reactive ROS metabolism, excessive accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage, and a series of oxidation reactions. 33,38 The integrity of the membrane can be damaged and the selective permeability is lost due to FWS, resulting in a membrane system collapse and serious impairments to plants.…”

“…49,50 Spraying adzuki bean seedlings S3307 under FWS could increase the content of ABA and alicylic acid (SA), decrease the K + content in protoplasts and guard cells, and inhibit the starch degradation to close the stomata, thereby reducing the transpiration and maintaining leaf water. 33 Ten days after FWS, an SNP spray could increase the content of nitric oxide (NO) in watersoaked cotton plants, and achieve a hormone rebalance by increasing IAA and GA and reducing ABA and ETH to ultimately minimize the yield loss. 45 Exogenous 6-BA at 100 mg L −1 reduced ABA levels in summer maize grains at the grain filling stage by increasing endogenous indole-3-acetic acid, zeatin, and gibberellic acid levels.…”

“…The application of ECs can activate, participate, modulate, and/or promote various physiological processes such as the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances, maintenance of cell turgor, reduction of cell damages and gene expressions due to FWS. Under FWS due to waterlogging, spraying uniconazole (S3307) on the leaves of adzuki bean significantly increased the content of soluble proteins and cell fluid in cells to enhance plant FWS resistance . Irrigation of 5 mg L –1 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on the root of Ficus microcarpa 20 days before FWS could reduce the accumulation of Pro in plant cells .…”

“…Under FWS due to waterlogging, spraying uniconazole (S3307) on the leaves of adzuki bean significantly increased the content of soluble proteins and cell fluid in cells to enhance plant FWS resistance. 33 Irrigation of 5 mg L −1 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on the root of Ficus microcarpa 20 days before FWS could reduce the accumulation of Pro in plant cells. 34 Spraying 0.8 mM astaxanthin (ASTA) on the leaves after FWS help flooded rice increase more total soluble sugar and soluble protein.…”

“…Antioxidant enzymes refer to a series of enzymes in plants that have the function of scavenging active oxygen free radicals and preventing free radicals from causing toxic effects on plants. Waterlogging stress causes plant cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in imbalance of reactive ROS metabolism, excessive accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage, and a series of oxidation reactions. , The integrity of the membrane can be damaged and the selective permeability is lost due to FWS, resulting in a membrane system collapse and serious impairments to plants. The mechanism of applying ECs to alleviate FWS is mainly through improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), etc.)…”