Effects of unilateral or bilateral superior ovarian nerve section in prepubertal rats on the ovulatory response to gonadotrophin administration

Morales, Leticia; Chàvez, R.; Me, Ayala; Domı́nguez, Roberto

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1580213

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It cannot be elucidated if the results obtained in this study might be caused by the existence of communication between both ovaries, which would be via multiple pathways (Dominguez et al 1989, Morales et al 1993, or by the existence of some kind of blood-borne information between the ovaries, as was previously proposed (Morales et al 1998). The results obtained might also be due to an apparent asymmetry in the activity of neural connections between the ovaries and the prevertebral sympathetic chain in addition to the fact that the number of active neurons of these connections varies during the oestrous cycle (Morán et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The cholinergic influence on the mesenteric ganglion affects the liberation of ovarian steroids and nitric oxide in oestrus day rats: characterization of an ex vivo system

Orozco¹,

Sosa²,

Fillipa³

et al. 2006

Journal of Endocrinology

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The axons that constitute the ovarian nervous plexus originate mostly in the principal neurons of the superior mesenteric ganglion (SMG) that is part of the sympathetic ganglionic chain and exhibits cholinergic receptors. In order to observe the effect of acetylcholine, the main neurotransmitter in the ganglionic transmission, the purpose of the present work was: first, to standardize an integrated ex vivo superior mesenteric ganglion-ovarian nervous plexus-ovary (SMG-ONP-O) system in oestrus day rats; secondly, to determine if the ganglionic cholinergic stimulus modifies the release of nitric oxide and steroids in the ovary compartment in the absence of humoral factors; and thirdly, to investigate if there are differences in the responses between the left and right ovaries caused by the neural stimulus. The ex vivo experimental left and right systems were developed and standardized. The systems were incubated in Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer in a Dubnoff metabolic shaker. The progesterone release was determined to standardize the incubation times, obtaining different responses between the left and right systems, which shows that both systems have their own autonomic tone. Non-specific stimulation with KCl in the ganglion compartment provoked different responses in terms of release of progesterone and oestradiol. Progesterone decreased in the left and right systems.However, oestradiol diminished at short times and increased at 60 and 120 min in the left ovary, whereas it increases at 30 and 60 min in the right ovary. These different responses show the sensitivity and viability of both systems. When acetylcholine was used in the ganglion compartment, the release of nitric oxide, progesterone, androstenedione and oestradiol was evaluated. The liberation of nitrite increased at 15, 30 and 60 min in the left system and decreased in the right system at 120 min. Progesterone showed a decrease in its release at 15, 30 and 120 min and androstenedione at 15 min in the left ovary compartment. In the right ovary, only progesterone decreased in relation to the control at 120 min while androstenedione did not show significant changes. Oestradiol showed an increase in the left ovary compartment at all the studied times, while in the right ovary it did not show any changes. These results indicate that the neural stimulus from the superior mesenteric ganglion through the ovarian nervous plexus is one of the factors modulating the secretory activity of the ovarian steroids and nitric oxide. The system is viable and also shows a different sensitivity of the left ovary in relation to the right one at least in this cycle stage, characterized by marked irrigation and profound structural changes in the ovary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

The cholinergic influence on the mesenteric ganglion affects the liberation of ovarian steroids and nitric oxide in oestrus day rats: characterization of an ex vivo system

Orozco¹,

Sosa²,

Fillipa³

et al. 2006

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Morales et al (1993) found that unilateral sectioning of the superior ovarian nerve of 16-day-old rats resulted in a significant decrease in the number of ova shed by the denervated ovary and a compensatory ovulation by the innervated one. Sequential injection of gonadotropins did not restore ovulation by the denervated ovary (Morales et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effects of unilateral or bilateral superior ovarian nerve section in infantile rats on follicular growth

Morán¹,

Morales²,

Quiróz³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

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We report the effects that sectioning the superior ovarian nerve of infantile female rats has on their follicular development at different ages before puberty. Compared with the control group, sham-operated animals showed a significant decrease in the number of measured follicles in right and left ovaries, although no difference in the follicular atresia ratio was observed. Animals with a sectioned left superior ovarian nerve (SON), killed 12 days after surgery had a significant increase in the number of follicles in the ovaries. Most of the follicles were atretic. Sectioning the right SON induced contrasting effects in the ovaries of animals killed 4 and 16 days after surgery. Rats with a denervated (right) ovary showed a decrease in the number of follicles and a greater number of atretic follicles compared with the control group, whereas the innervated (left) ovary showed an increase in measured follicles compared with the control group.Bilateral sectioning had no apparent effect on the total number of follicles measured, although an increased number of atretic follicles in both ovaries was observed. Animals with a unilateral section of the SON, killed 8 and 12 days after surgery, showed a decrease in serum concentrations of estradiol. In turn, animals killed 16 days after surgery showed a significant increase in estradiol and a decrease in the progesterone serum concentration.These results suggest that sympathetic innervation of the ovary via the SON has a stimulatory role in the regulation and differentiation of follicular growth.

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“…There are antecedents revealing that the neurotransmitters have an important function in facilitating the initial differentiation of the granulose cells, thus promoting the acquisition of dependence from the gonadotrophins [31,32]. As the presence of β-adrenergic receptors has been characterized in different populations of ovarian cells [11], and their occupation with adrenergic agonists induces modification in the liberation of the ovarian steroids [11,33], it is possible to think that in the studied system the catecholamines released from the SON by ganglionic adrenergic stimulus act directly on the ovarian interstitial cells and modulate the production of androgens through the β 2 receptors [12,33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganglionic Adrenergic Action Modulates Ovarian Steroids and Nitric Oxide in Prepubertal Rat

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Both peripheral innervation and nitric oxide (NO) participate in ovarian steroidogenesis. The purpose of this work was to analyse the ganglionic adrenergic influence on the ovarian release of steroids and NO and the possible steroids/ NO relationship. The experiments were carried out in the ex vivo coeliac ganglion-superior ovarian nerve (SON)-ovary system of prepubertal rats. The coeliac ganglion-SON-ovary system was incubated in Krebs Ringer-bicarbonate buffer in presence of adrenergic agents in the ganglionic compartment. The accumulation of progesterone, androstenedione, oestradiol and NO in the ovarian incubation liquid was measured. Norepinephrine in coeliac ganglion inhibited the liberation of progesterone and increased androstenedione, oestradiol and NO in ovary. The addition of α and β adrenergic antagonists also showed different responses in the liberation of the substances mentioned before, which, from a physiological point of view, reveals the presence of adrenergic receptors in coeliac ganglion. In relation to propranolol, it does not revert the effect of noradrenaline on the liberation of progesterone, which leads us to think that it might also have a "per se" effect on the ganglion, responsible for the ovarian response observed for progesterone. Finally, we can conclude that the ganglionic adrenergic action via SON participates on the regulation of the prepubertal ovary in one of two ways: either increasing the NO, a gaseous neurotransmitter with cytostatic characteristics, to favour the immature follicles to remain dormant or increasing the liberation of androstenedione and oestradiol, the steroids necessary for the beginning of the near first estral cycle. AT present, there is clear evidence that ovarian steroidogenesis, besides being regulated by the classic hypothalamo-hypophyseal-ovarian axis, is influenced by the neural pathway. The main neural information reaches the ovaries by the hilium via the superior ovarian nerve and ovarian plexus [1,2]. Hirshfield [3] confirmed that the first follicles to start growing are those assembled near the ovarian hilium, the first region in the ovaries of the rat to be innervated during its fetoneonatal life [4]. The sympathetic innervation terminals are closely related to the steroidogenic ovarian cells [5], and peptidergic and catecholaminergic neurotransmitters, mainly norepinephrine [6][7][8], are released from the superior ovarian nerve (SON) to the ovary. Both peptides and norepinephrine act via adenylate cyclase coupled receptors that are present in the ovary at the beginning of the folliculogenesis [9,10]. Several experimental designs have been used to investigate the role of innervation in the control of the ovarian function of prepubertal rat. In this respect, it has been reported in ovarian cell culture that the effect of adrenergic agents depends on the number of betareceptor sites present in the ovaries of pre and peripubertal rats [11].Experiments carried out by our group have shown that the bilateral transection of the neonatal SON ...

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Effects of unilateral or bilateral superior ovarian nerve section in prepubertal rats on the ovulatory response to gonadotrophin administration

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

The cholinergic influence on the mesenteric ganglion affects the liberation of ovarian steroids and nitric oxide in oestrus day rats: characterization of an ex vivo system

The cholinergic influence on the mesenteric ganglion affects the liberation of ovarian steroids and nitric oxide in oestrus day rats: characterization of an ex vivo system

Effects of unilateral or bilateral superior ovarian nerve section in infantile rats on follicular growth

Ganglionic Adrenergic Action Modulates Ovarian Steroids and Nitric Oxide in Prepubertal Rat

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