Effects of urea treatment of potato pulp and inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in supplements on digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers

Saito

Ooi

et al. 2009

Self Cite

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate (0, 15, 30 or 45%; on a dry matter basis) and roughage sources (rice straw or wheat straw) on finishing performance and carcass quality of cull beef cows. Sixteen Japanese Black (Wagyu) mature cull cows (490 +/- 31 kg of BW) were used in this experiment. Increasing the levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate and roughage sources did not significantly affect feed intake in cows. In addition, the final body weight, daily gain and feed : gain ratio were not influenced by the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate and the type of roughage. Increasing the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate would probably decrease the marbling score. The L* values of the longissimus muscle (LM) tended to respond quadratically (P = 0.078) as the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate increased, and was lowest for cows fed the concentrate which included 30% potato pulp silage. The a* and b* values of the LM and fat color were not affected by the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate. No effects of roughage sources on finishing performance were observed.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of inclusion levels of urea‐treated potato pulp silage in concentrate and roughage sources on finishing performance and carcass quality in cull beef cows

Saito

Ooi

et al. 2009

Self Cite

“…The treatment of PP, which has a low protein, with urea can improve the nitrogen supply to rumen microbes (Sugimoto et al. 2007a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sugimoto et al. (2007a) observed that fluctuation in ruminal NH 3 ‐N was larger when steers were fed the urea‐treated PP silage than that when they were fed the untreated PP silage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of urea‐treated potato pulp (PP) ensiled with beet pulp or wheat bran pellets to reduce moisture of PP and flake density of corn grain supplemented with the PP silage on digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers

Saito

Ooi

2010

Self Cite

The effects of adding beet pulp or wheat bran to urea-treated potato pulp (PP) in order to reduce moisture of PP silage and flake density of corn grain on digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers were studied in a split-plot design experiment. The whole-plot treatments were PP silage mixed with 0% added pellets (CON), 9% (as-fed basis) beet pulp pellets (BP) or 9% (as-fed basis) wheat bran pellets (WB) as water-absorbing materials. The subplot treatments consisted of supplements formulated to contain either high-density corn (HDC) or low-density corn (LDC). BP steers consumed more (BP vs WB, P = 0.011) concentrate than did WB steers, whereas hay intake did not differ between the treatments. Dry matter (BP vs WB, P = 0.023) and organic matter (BP vs WB, P = 0.029) digestibility were higher for BP steers than for WB steers. Starch digestibility was higher (P = 0.006) for LDC than for HDC. There were no differences in the concentration of ruminal ammonia nitrogen among the treatments. Molar proportions of ruminal acetate were higher for BP steers than for WB steers (BP vs WB, P = 0.030). Conversely, molar proportions of propionate were lower for BP steers than for WB steers (BP vs WB, P = 0.044). Flake density of corn did not affect ruminal characteristics. In conclusion, from the viewpoint of feed intake and digestibility, BP is superior to WB as a moisture control material for urea-treated PP silage, and flake density of corn supplemented with urea-treated PP silage does not alter ruminal fermentation.

The effects of protein sources supplemented with urea‐treated potato pulp (PP) silage and feeding levels of the PP silage‐based concentrate on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in beef steers

Kanamoto

Chiba

et al. 2008

Self Cite

Six Japanese Black (Wagyu) steers (average initial weight 467 Ϯ 45 kg) fitted with a ruminal cannula were used in a split-plot design experiment comprising a 3 ¥ 3 Latin square design (whole-plot) and a randomized block design (subplot). The whole-plot treatments were three different feeding levels of urea-treated potato pulp (PP) silage-based concentrate: 1.00%, 1.75% and 2.50% of body weight (BW) (on a dry matter (DM) basis). The subplot treatments consisted of the concentrate formulated to contain either soybean meal (SBM) as a rapidly rumen-degraded protein source or corn gluten meal (CGM) as a slowly degraded protein source. Dry matter intake tended to be lower (P = 0.071) for CGM (8.9 kg/day) than for SBM (9.4 kg/day). Protein sources had no significant effect on digestibility and in situ degradation. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was lower (P = 0.033) for CGM (7.5 mg/dL) than for SBM (9.5 mg/dL). Protein sources did not affect ruminal pH and the total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations. The molar proportions of ruminal acetate and valerate were higher (P = 0.032) for CGM than for SBM. The maximum daily intake of the PP silage-based concentrate expressed as a percentage of BW was approximately 1.4% of BW. Dry matter intake was higher (P = 0.046) for steers fed at 1.0% of BW of the PP silage-based concentrate than for steers fed at 1.75% or 2.5% of BW of the concentrate. The feeding levels of the PP silage-based concentrate had no effect on DM and nutrients digestibility, except for crude protein (CP) digestibility. CP digestibility tended to be lower (P = 0.071) for steers fed at 1.75% of BW of the PP silage-based concentrate than for steers fed at 1.0% or 2.5% of BW of the concentrate. The feeding levels of the PP silage-based concentrate also did not affect the in situ degradation parameter of hay and PP silage. The feeding levels of the PP silage-based concentrate did not affect ruminal pH, NH3-N and total VFA concentrations. The molar proportion of acetate was highest for steers fed at 1.0% of BW of the concentrate. In conclusion, in the urea-treated PP silage-based concentrate, CGM seems to be more effective than SBM for stabilizing the ruminal NH3-N concentration and to be advantageous for fiber digestion in the rumen. The feeding levels of the PP silage-based concentrate did not change the amount of VFA production in the rumen and the DM digestibility. Science †Potato pulp was ensiled for 6 months with urea (0.5%, as fed-basis) and beet pulp (9%, as-fed basis) before it was fed to the steers. M. SUGIMOTO et al.Animal Science Journal (2008) 79, 443-452 †Potato pulp silage was ensiled for 6 months with urea (0.5%, as fed-basis) and beet pulp (9%, as-fed basis) before it was fed to the steers. PROTEIN SOURCES WITH UREA-TREATED POTATO PULP 445No supplementation level ¥ diet interactions were detected (P Ն 0.05). ADF, acid detergent fiber; CGM, corn gluten meal; CP crude protein; DM, dry matter; EE, ether extract; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; OM, organic matter; SBM, soybean meal; s.e., standar...