Effects of Using Insoles of Different Thicknesses in Older Adults: Which Thickness Has the Best Effect on Postural Stability and Risk of Falling?

Büyükturan, Öznur; Demirci, Serdar; Büyükturan, Buket; Yakut, Yavuz

doi:10.7547/17-085

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Regarding dynamic balance, Paton et al [17] found no differences in dynamic balance using different insoles. Other research found no negative effects of insoles or small positive effects of different types of insoles on dynamic balance [35,36]. A reason for the difference between static and dynamic balance might be the sensory input during dynamic activities.…”

Section: Insolesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of offloading devices on static and dynamic balance in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review

Horstink

Woude

Hijmans

2021

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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Patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) usually have reduced somatosensory information and altered perception in feet and ankles. Somatosensory information acts as feedback for movement control and loss of somatosensation leads to altered plantar pressure patterns during gait and stance. Offloading devices are used to reduce peak plantar pressure and prevent diabetic foot ulcers. However, offloading devices can unfortunately have negative effects on static and dynamic balance. It is important to investigate these unwanted effects, since patient with DPN already are at high risk of falling and offloading devices could potentially increase this risk. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the effects of plantar offloading devices used for ulcer prevention on their role in static and dynamic balance control in patients with DPN. PubMed and Embase were systematically searched using relevant search terms. After title selection, abstract selection, and full-text selection only five articles could be included for further analysis. Two articles included static balance measurements, two articles included dynamic balance measurements, and one article included both. Results suggested that static balance control is reduced when rocker bottom shoes and different insole configurations are used, however, toe-only rockers showed less evidence for reduced static balance control. There was no evidence for reduced dynamic balance control in combination with offloading devices. However, these results should be interpreted with care, since the number of studies was very small and the quality of the studies was moderate. Future research should evaluate balance in combination with different offloading devices, so that clinicians subscribing them are more aware of their potential unwanted consequences.

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Section: Insolesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of offloading devices on static and dynamic balance in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review

Horstink

Woude

Hijmans

2021

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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“…Tabulated data of included study characteristics is shown in Table 1. Studies included in this review originated from 17 different countries: 13 (23.2%) studies originated from Australia [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], 10 (17.9%) from the USA [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], eight (14.3%) from China [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], five (9%) from Canada [47][48][49][50][51], three (5.4%) from Iran [52][53][54], two each from the UK [55,56] (3.6%), New Zealand [57,58] (3.6%), Germany [59,60] (3.6%) and Turkey [61,62] (3.6%), one each from J...…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies also varied in their duration: 41 studies reported immediate effects (defined as within session) [ 16-23, 25-32, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42-44, 46-48, 50-52, 54-58, 60, 62, 63, 65-67, 69], three studies reported effects over three to 7 days [37,45,68], one study reported effects over 2 weeks [24] and 3 weeks [61], respectively, four studies reported effects over a 4-week period [34,53,64,71], one study was conducted 5 weeks [59], 6 weeks [33], and 8 weeks [41] each, two studies were completed over 12 weeks [49,70], and one study extended to 6 months [38].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Footwear, Orthoses, and Insoles and Their Effects on Balance in Older Adults: A Scoping Review

Nor Azhar,

Bergin,

Munteanu

et al. 2024

Gerontology

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Background: Footwear, orthoses, and insoles have been shown to influence balance in older adults, however it remains unclear which features, singular or in combination, are considered optimal. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and synthesise the current evidence regarding how footwear, orthoses, and insoles influence balance in older adults. Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase and AMED) were searched from inception to October 2023. Key terms such as “shoe*”, “orthoses”, “postural balance” and “older people” were employed in the search strategy. Studies meeting the following criteria were included: (i) participants had a minimum age ≥ 60 years, and were free of any neurological, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular diseases, (ii) an active intervention consisting of either footwear, foot orthoses or insoles was evaluated, and (iii) at least one objective outcome measure of balance was reported. Summary: A total of 56 studies from 17 different countries were included. Three study designs were utilised (cross-sectional study, n=44; randomised parallel group, n=6; cohort study n=6). The duration of studies varied considerably, with 41 studies evaluating immediate effects, 14 evaluating effects from three days to 12 weeks, and 1 study having a duration of 6 months. 17 different interventions were evaluated, including/consisting of textured insoles (n=12), heel elevation (n=8), non-specific standardised footwear and changes in sole thickness or hardness (n=7 each), sole geometry or rocker soles, contoured or custom insoles and high collar height (n=6 each), insole thickness or hardness and vibrating insoles (n=5 each), outsole tread (n=4), minimalist footwear and slippers (n=3 each), balance-enhancing shoes, footwear fit, socks, and ankle-foot orthoses (n=2 each), and eversion insoles, heel cups, and unstable footwear (n=1 each). 23 different outcomes were assessed, and postural sway was the most common (n=20), followed by temporo-spatial gait parameters (n=17). There was uncertainty regarding intervention effectiveness. Overall, features such as secure fixation, a textured insole, a medium-to-hard density midsole and a higher ankle collar, in isolation, were able to positively impact balance. Conversely, footwear with an elevated heel height and use of socks and slippers impaired balance. Key Messages: There is a substantial body of literature exploring the effects of footwear, orthoses, and insoles on balance in older adults. However, considerable uncertainty exists regarding the efficacy of these interventions due to variability in methodological approaches. Further high-quality research is necessary to determine whether a singular intervention or a combination of interventions is most effective for enhancing balance in older adults.

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“…Considerations could be putting the vibrators, textures, and pads at different plantar sites, and producing customized stimulation intensity through different specific characteristics of each insole component, including size, hardness and distribution density. A recent study has also suggest that the thickness of insoles might also change postural stability (Büyükturan et al, 2018). In addition, the relationship among the individualized sensory threshold, the intensity of provided sensory stimulations (magnitude and duration), and the outcome balance performance could and shall be carefully examined in the future.…”

Section: Future Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Insoles Be Used to Improve Static and Dynamic Balance of Community-Dwelling Older Adults? A Systematic Review on Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Zong-Hao¹,

Lam²,

Chang³

et al. 2020

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity

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This systematic review investigated the effects of orthopedic, vibrating, and textured insoles on the postural balance of community-dwelling older adults. Articles published in English from 1999 to 2019 investigating the effects of (a) orthopedic, (b) vibrating, and (c) textured insoles on static and dynamic balance in community-dwelling older adults were considered. Twenty-four trials with a total of 634 older adults were identified. The information gathered generally supported the balance-improving effects of orthopedic, vibrating, and textured insoles in both static and dynamic conditions among community-dwelling older adults. Further examination found that rigidity, texture patterns, vibration thresholds, and components like arch supports and heel cups are important factors in determining whether insoles can improve balance. This review highlights the potential of insoles for improving the static and dynamic balance of community-dwelling older adults. Good knowledge in insole designs and an understanding of medical conditions of older adults are required when attempts are made to improve postural balance using insoles.

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Effects of Using Insoles of Different Thicknesses in Older Adults: Which Thickness Has the Best Effect on Postural Stability and Risk of Falling?

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of offloading devices on static and dynamic balance in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review

Effects of offloading devices on static and dynamic balance in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review

Footwear, Orthoses, and Insoles and Their Effects on Balance in Older Adults: A Scoping Review

Can Insoles Be Used to Improve Static and Dynamic Balance of Community-Dwelling Older Adults? A Systematic Review on Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

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