Effects of UV degradation on surface hydrophobicity, crack, and thickness of MWCNT-based nanocomposite coatings

Asmatulu, Ramazan; Mahmud, Gazi; Hille, C. A.; Misak, Heath Edward

doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2011.06.015

Cited by 110 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The former results in a sample such as virgin prils being fragmented gradually into several daughter particles. The latter results in a large number of particles Asmatulu et al (2011) derived from the surface layer with particle size, at least in one dimension, equal to the thickness of that layer. Possibly both modes of fragmentation occur in natural weathering of plastics on beaches or in seawater.…”

Section: Microplastics In the Oceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Plastic Litter in the Oceans

Andrady

2015

Marine Anthropogenic Litter

352

274

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The increasing global production and use of plastics has led to an accumulation of enormous amounts of plastic litter in the world's oceans. Characteristics such as low density, good mechanical properties and low cost allow for successful use of plastics in industries and everyday life but the high durability leads to persistence of the synthetic polymers in the marine environment where they cause harm to a great variety of organisms. In the diverse marine habitats, including beaches, the sea surface, the water column, and the seafloor, plastics are exposed to different environmental conditions that either accelerate or decelerate the physical, chemical and biological degradation of plastics. Degradation of plastics occurs primarily through solar UV-radiation induced photo oxidation reactions and is, thus, most intensive in photic environments such as the sea surface and on beaches. The rate of degradation is temperature-dependent resulting in considerable deceleration of the processes in seawater, which is a good heat sink. Below the photic zone in the water column, plastics degrade very slowly resulting in high persistence of plastic litter especially at the seafloor. Biological decomposition of plastics by microorganisms is negligible in the marine environment because the kinetics of biodegradation at sea is particularly slow and oxygen supply for these processes limited. Degradation of larger plastic items leads to the formation of abundant small microplastics. The transport of small particles to the seafloor and their deposition in the benthic environment is facilitated by the colonization of the material by fouling organisms, which increase the density of the particles and force them to sink.

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Section: Microplastics In the Oceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Plastic Litter in the Oceans

Andrady

2015

Marine Anthropogenic Litter

352

274

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“…where E 2 , E 1 are energies of a single molecule in the final (excited) and initial ground states, respectively, h = Planck's constant and frequency of radiation [31,33]. In this study, the wavelength of UV was selected 340 nm.…”

Section: Analysis Of Photo-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy generated by this range of wavelength was about 352 kJ/mol. Some bonds in the polymer chains can be degraded partially by this energy such as C C, C Cl and C N, with bonds energy of 300-720, 320-460 and 120-300 kJ/mol, respectively [33]. As a result of dissociation of these bonds, oxidation products such as alcohols, hydro peroxides, lactones, esters, carboxylic acids, ketones, carbonyl and olefinic groups can also be formed in polymer chains in the presence of oxygen.…”

Section: Analysis Of Photo-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the UV degradation resistance of epoxy coatings using modified carbon black nanoparticles

Ghasemi-Kahrizsangi¹,

Neshati²,

Shariatpanahi³

et al. 2015

Progress in Organic Coatings

121

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“…The following recommendations are outlined to assess and control workplace exposure [18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Working Guidelines For Engineered Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comprehensive research effort is needed, along with the continual reassessment of the available data to find out whether medical screening is necessary for workers exposed to engineered nanomaterials [18][19][20]. The following recommendations are necessary in regard to workers exposed to engineered nanomaterials:…”

Section: Occupational Health Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%