Effects of UV Treatment on Ceria-Stabilized Zirconia/Alumina Nanocomposite (NANOZR)

Abstract

Nanostructured zirconia/alumina composite (NANOZR) has been explored as a suitable material for fabricating implants for patients with metal allergy. In this study, we examined the effect of UV treatment on the NANOZR surface. The experimental group was UV-treated NANOZR and the control group was untreated NANOZR. Observation of the surface of the UV-treated materials revealed no mechanical or structural change; however, the carbon content on the material surface was reduced, and the material surface displayed superhydrophilicity. Further, the effects of the UV-induced superhydrophilic properties of NANOZR plates on the adhesion behavior of various cells were investigated. Treatment of the NANOZR surface was found to facilitate protein adsorption onto it. An in vitro evaluation using rat bone marrow cells, human vascular endothelial cells, and rat periodontal ligament cells revealed high levels of adhesion in the experimental group. In addition, it was clarified that the NANOZR surface forms active oxygen and suppresses the generation of oxidative stress. Overall, the study results suggested that UV-treated NANOZR is useful as a new ceramic implant material.

Effects of Argon Gas Plasma Treatment on Biocompatibility of Nanostructured Titanium

“…Ujino et al demonstrated that the in vitro and in vivo atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment of titanium surfaces was effective in improving the adhesion ability of RBMCs and inducing hard tissue differentiation [ 31 ]. Further, atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment of the zirconia material surface was found to be as effective as titanium in improving bone conduction performance, as reported in our previous studies [ 33 , 34 ]. Several studies have revealed that rendering the material surface superhydrophilic decreases the carbon and oxidative stress, thus affecting the behavior of RBMCs [ 29 , 35 ].…”

The integration of peri-implant soft tissues around zirconia abutments: Challenges and strategies

“…UV light treatment of zirconia may improve surface bioactivity via “biological activation” [ 99 ]. UV treatment reduced cytotoxicity [ 100 ], enhanced protein adsorption, cell proliferation, adhesion and differentiation [ [101] , [102] , [103] ] and inhibited oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species production) and inflammatory responses [ 104 ]. UV treatment requires simple equipment and procedure, is easy to implement, has a low cost and is not restricted by type of abutment material, including titanium, zirconia and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) [ [100] , [101] , [102] , [103] , 105 , 106 ].…”

Emerging Multimodel Zirconia Nanosystems for High‐Performance Biomedical Applications

“…Enhancement in the strength and generation of the surface compressive induced stress resulted from the transformation over the surface of ground specimens. Komasa et al [ 149 ] assessed the impact of UV treatment on the CSZ/A NCs. Surface evaluation studies declared no structural or mechanical changes, but a decrease in the carbon content of the surface was observed.…”

“…It was also claimed that the UV‐C irradiation significantly altered the aesthetic in color and enriched the MC3T3‐E1 cell adhesion on ZrO 2 by photofunctionalization. Recently, Komasa et al [ 149 ] estimated the effect of UV treatment on CSZ/A nanostructured composite and revealed that the UV irradiation does not alter the mechanical or structural properties but reduces the carbon content of the surface material. Such a UV‐irradiated material exhibited advanced superhydrophilicity.…”