Effects of valerian on subjective sedation, field sobriety testing and driving simulator performance

Thomas, Kelan L.; Canedo, Joanne; Perry, Paul J.; Doroudgar, Shadi; Lopes, Ingrid C.; Chuang, Hannah Mae; Bohnert, Kimberly

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2016.01.019

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Six studies investigated possible adverse effects on cognitive performance after V. officinalis extract intake (single dose) in healthy adults 37,39,47,49,62 and elderly volunteers. 45 V. officinalis standardized extracts at 100-1,600 mg did not impair cognitive or psychomotor performance 37,39,45,47,49,62 and were proven safer compared to triazolam, temazepam (benzodiazepines), and diphenhydramine (antihistamine). 45,47 Valerian did not cause any adverse events in postmenopausal women with insomnia, 57 older women with insomnia, 53 children with intellectual deficits and primary sleep problems, 46 and psychophysiological insomnia patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both quantitative and qualitative studies with human subjects were included. Of 40 articles using valerian as a single herb, 36 studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT) 30–65 and 2 studies were observational. 66,67 Two studies addressed the potential induction of liver enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a study found that the same formulation at a higher dose increased anxiety while a lower dose was anxiolytic, 78 suggesting that paradoxical stimulation could be avoided by cautious dosing. Six studies investigated possible adverse effects on cognitive performance after V. officinalis extract intake (single dose) in healthy adults 37,39,47,49,62 and elderly volunteers. 45 V. officinalis standardized extracts at 100-1,600 mg did not impair cognitive or psychomotor performance 37,39,45,47,49,62 and were proven safer compared to triazolam, temazepam (benzodiazepines), and diphenhydramine (antihistamine).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shinjyo

Waddell

Green

2020

J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med

102

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Sleep problems are widely prevalent and associated with various comorbidities including anxiety. Valerian ( Valeriana officinalis L.) is a popular herbal medicine used as a sleep aid, however the outcomes of previous clinical studies are inconsistent. This study was conducted to update and re-evaluate the available data in order to understand the reason behind the inconsistent outcomes and to provide a broader view of the use of valerian for associated disorders. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library were searched to retrieve publications relevant to the effectiveness of valerian as a treatment of sleep problems and associated disorders. A total of 60 studies (n=6,894) were included in this review, and meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effectiveness to improve subjective sleep quality (10 studies, n=1,065) and to reduce anxiety (8 studies, n=535). Results suggested that inconsistent outcomes were possibly due to the variable quality of herbal extracts and that more reliable effects could be expected from the whole root/rhizome. In addition, therapeutic benefits could be optimized when it was combined with appropriate herbal partners. There were no severe adverse events associated with valerian intake in subjects aged between 7 and 80 years. In conclusion, valerian could be a safe and effective herb to promote sleep and prevent associated disorders. However, due to the presence of multiple active constituents and relatively unstable nature of some of the active constituents, it may be necessary to revise the quality control processes, including standardization methods and shelf life.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Shinjyo

Waddell

Green

2020

J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Two further studies examined the anxiolytic and sedating effects in a safety context: The first investigated driving performance and sedating effects with placebo comparator, finding no detrimental effects from valerian (Thomas et al, ). The second in a similar design ( n = 10), assessed subjective sedation and psychomotor/cognitive performance effects of V. officinalis extract, diazepam and placebo control, finding decrements only occurred from the BDZ comparator (Gutierrez, Ang‐Lee, Walker, & Zacny, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABA‐modulating phytomedicines for anxiety: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence

Savage

Firth

Stough

et al. 2017

Phytotherapy Research

103

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Anxiety disorders are chronic and functionally disabling conditions with high psychological stress, characterised by cognitive symptoms of excessive worry and focus difficulties and physiological symptoms such as muscle tension and insomnia. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter within the central nervous system and is a key target of pharmacotherapies in the treatment of anxiety. Although current pharmaceutical treatments are often efficacious, they may cause undesirable side effects including cognitive decrements and withdrawal symptoms. Plant-based "phytomedicines" may provide novel treatment options, to act as an adjunctive or alternative to existing anxiolytic medications. As such, we conducted a systematic review to assess the current body of literature on anxiolytic phytomedicines and/or phytoconstituents.An open-ended search to 5 July 2017 was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane library online databases and performed in a stepped format from preclinical to clinical investigations. Eligible studies must have had (a) in vitro evidence of GABA-modulating activity, (b) animal studies using anxiety models to test an anxiolytic effect, and (c) human clinical trials.Ten phytomedicines were identified as having preclinical investigations showing interaction with the GABA system, in addition to human clinical trials: kava, valerian, pennywort, hops, chamomile, Ginkgo biloba, passionflower, ashwagandha, skullcap, and lemon balm. Collectively, the literature reveals preclinical and clinical evidence for various phytomedicines modulating GABA-pathways, with comparative anxiolytic effect to the current array of pharmaceuticals, along with good safety and tolerability profiles.

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“…This study revealed that V. officinalis reduced intracortical facilitatory circuits. On the other hand, a dose of 1,600 mg of valerian does not affect drive stimulator performance in healthy volunteers compared to the placebo group (Thomas et al, 2016).…”

Section: Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Updating the biological interest of 'Valeriana officinalis'

Sánchez¹,

González-Burgos²,

Iglesias³

et al. 2021

Mediterr. Bot.

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Valeriana officinalis L. (Caprifoliaceae) has been traditionally used to treat mild nervous tension and sleep problems. The basis of these activities are mainly attributed to valerenic acid through the modulation of the GABA receptor. Moreover, V. officinalis is claimed to have other biological activities such as cardiovascular benefits, anticancer, antimicrobial and spasmolytic. The current review aims to update the biological and pharmacological studies (in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials) of V. officinalis and its major secondary metabolites in order to guide future research. Databases PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus were used for literature search including original papers written in English and published between 2014 and 2020. There have been identified 33 articles which met inclusion criteria. Most of these works were performed with V. officinalis extracts and only a few papers (in vitro and in vivo studies) evaluated the activity of isolated compounds (valerenic acid and volvalerenal acid K). In vitro studies focused on studying antioxidant and neuroprotective activity. In vivo studies and clinical trials mainly investigated activities on the nervous system (anticonvulsant activity, antidepressant, cognitive problems, anxiety and sleep disorders). Just few studies were focused on other different activities, highlight effects on symptoms of premenstrual and postmenopausal syndromes. Valeriana officinalis continues to be one of the medicinal plants most used by today's society for its therapeutic properties and whose biological and pharmacological activities continue to arouse great scientific interest as evidenced in recent publications. This review shows scientific evidence on traditional uses of V. officinalis on nervous system.

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Effects of valerian on subjective sedation, field sobriety testing and driving simulator performance

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

GABA‐modulating phytomedicines for anxiety: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence

Updating the biological interest of 'Valeriana officinalis'

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