Effects of various statins on depressive symptoms: A network meta-analysis

Lee, Ming Chia; Peng, Tzu‐Rong; Chen, Bi Li; Lee, Chih Hsin; Wang, Jann‐Yuan; Lai, Cheng Pin; Lee, Jen Ai; Chen, Shih Ming; Shiang, Jeng Chuan

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.034

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Notably, observational evidence indicates that simvastatin had the most beneficial effect in reducing the odds of depression (odds ratio = 0.93, 95% confidence interval = 0.89–0.97) among all statins ( Molero et al, 2020 ) and compared to atorvastatin ( Abbasi et al, 2015 ). A recent exploratory network meta-analysis from our group showed a similar trend in randomised controlled trials ( De Giorgi et al, 2021b ), though this result has not been replicated in another study ( De Giorgi et al, 2021c ; Lee et al, 2021 ). Conversely, several recent trials using large-molecule anti-inflammatory agents incapable of penetrating the brain parenchyma have reported little overall effects on depressive scores ( Husain et al, 2020 ; McIntyre et al, 2019 ; Salvadore et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

The effects of atorvastatin on emotional processing, reward learning, verbal memory and inflammation in healthy volunteers: An experimental medicine study

et al. 2021

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Background: Growing evidence from clinical trials and epidemiological studies suggests that statins can have clinically significant antidepressant effects, potentially related to anti-inflammatory action on several neurobiological structures. However, the underlying neuropsychological mechanisms of these effects remain unexplored. Aims: In this experimental medicine trial, we investigated the 7-day effects of the lipophilic statin, atorvastatin on a battery of neuropsychological tests and inflammation in healthy volunteers. Methods: Fifty healthy volunteers were randomised to either 7 days of atorvastatin 20 mg or placebo in a double-blind design. Participants were assessed with psychological questionnaires and a battery of well-validated behavioural tasks assessing emotional processing, which is sensitive to putative antidepressant effects, reward learning and verbal memory, as well as the inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein. Results: Compared to placebo, 7-day atorvastatin increased the recognition ( p = 0.006), discriminability ( p = 0.03) and misclassifications ( p = 0.04) of fearful facial expression, independently from subjective states of mood and anxiety, and C-reactive protein levels. Otherwise, atorvastatin did not significantly affect any other psychological and behavioural measure, nor peripheral C-reactive protein. Conclusions: Our results reveal for the first time the early influence of atorvastatin on emotional cognition by increasing the processing of anxiety-related stimuli (i.e. increased recognition, discriminability and misclassifications of fearful facial expression) in healthy volunteers, in the absence of more general effects on negative affective bias. Further studies exploring the effects of statins in depressed patients, especially with raised inflammatory markers, may clarify this finding and inform future clinical trials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

The effects of atorvastatin on emotional processing, reward learning, verbal memory and inflammation in healthy volunteers: An experimental medicine study

et al. 2021

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“…Overall, results from most meta-analyses and systematic reviews indicate a positive role of statins in MDD [ 79 , 80 , 81 ], even if monotherapy did not prove to be successful [ 82 ]. Another finding was related to lipophilic statins, especially atorvastatin and simvastatin, which seem to be superior to other drugs in this group, probably due to their enhanced capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier and exert their actions in the CNS [ 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Non-conventional Anti-inflammatory Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for the Inflammatory Mechanism of Unipolar Depression

et al. 2022

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Since depression remains a major public health issue there is a constant need for new and more efficient therapeutic strategies based on the mechanisms involved in the aetiology of depression. Thus, the pathogenic link between depression and inflammation is considered to play a potential key role in the development of such therapies. This review summarizes the results of various pharmacological (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, cytokine inhibitors, corticosteroids, statins, minocycline, N-acetyl cysteine, omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics) and non-pharmacological interventions (electroconvulsive therapy, physical exercise and psychological therapy) and outlines their efficacy and discusses potential challenges. Both conventional and non-conventional anti-inflammatory drugs showed promising results according to the specific group of patients. The pre-existing pro-inflammatory status was, in most cases, a predictor for clinical efficacy and, in some cases, a correlation between clinical improvement and changes in various biomarkers was found. Some of the non-pharmacological interventions (physical exercise and electroconvulsive therapy) have also showed beneficial effects for depressive patients with elevated inflammatory markers. Treatments with anti-inflammatory action may improve clinical outcomes in depression, at least for some categories of patients, thus opening the way for a future personalised approach to patients with unipolar depression regarding the inflammation-related mechanism.

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“…A comparisonadjusted funnel plot will be depicted to identify the small sample effect between studies to assess the publication bias. [20] 2.7.5. Subgroup analysis.…”

Section: Assessment Of Publication Biasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nonpharmacological interventions on pain and sleep quality after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Fu¹,

Mo²,

He³

et al. 2022

Medicine

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Background:Various nonpharmacological interventions have been applied to alleviate pain and improve sleep quality after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. However, evidence to compare their efficacy is scant. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different nonpharmacological interventions on alleviating pain and improving sleep quality in patients after percutaneous nephrolithotomy through a network meta-analysis .Methods:Randomized controlled trials reporting the efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions on alleviating pain and improving sleep quality in patients after percutaneous nephrolithotomy will be searched in online databases, including the Chinese Scientific Journal Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang, China Biomedical Literature Database, Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. After quality assessment and date extraction, network meta-analysis will be performed using Stata 14.0 and R software.Results:The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.Conclusions:This study will provide systematic and comprehensive evidence-based support for the effects of nonpharmacological interventions on alleviating pain and improving sleep quality after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.Ethics and dissemination:Ethical approval was not required for this study. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at conferences, and shared on social media platforms.REGISTRATION NUMBER:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/B4DHW.

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Effects of various statins on depressive symptoms: A network meta-analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

The effects of atorvastatin on emotional processing, reward learning, verbal memory and inflammation in healthy volunteers: An experimental medicine study

The effects of atorvastatin on emotional processing, reward learning, verbal memory and inflammation in healthy volunteers: An experimental medicine study

Current Perspectives on Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for the Inflammatory Mechanism of Unipolar Depression

The effect of nonpharmacological interventions on pain and sleep quality after percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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