Effects of ventilation on the collection of exhaled breath in humans

Cope, Keary A.; Watson, Michael T.; Foster, W. Michael; Sehnert, Shelley S.; Risby, Terence H.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01034.2003

Cited by 132 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, as has been observed elsewhere [24,35], female subjects had significantly lower CO 2 concentration in both end-tidal mouth and noseexhaled breath samples. The low CO 2 levels in the bag samples confirm that mixed breath, i.e.…”

Section: Background Levelssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Traditional breath collection often involves a single, mixed mouth-exhaled breath sample that is directly transferred to the measurement device or collected to a gas sampling bag for later analysis. Possible contributions from the oral cavity can be excluded by sampling only the end-tidal part of the breath [24,25] or by exhaling through the nose [9]. Several groups have investigated the variability of the concentrations of volatile compounds in breath due to different sampling procedures [12,24,[26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possible contributions from the oral cavity can be excluded by sampling only the end-tidal part of the breath [24,25] or by exhaling through the nose [9]. Several groups have investigated the variability of the concentrations of volatile compounds in breath due to different sampling procedures [12,24,[26][27][28]. The reliable quantification of minute amounts of HCN in breath is further complicated by the fact that hydrogen cyanide is a reactive species that adsorbs to any surfaces it comes in contact with.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Background levels and diurnal variations of hydrogen cyanide in breath and emitted from skin

et al. 2011

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PostprintThis is the accepted version of a paper published in Journal of Breath Research. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination. Abstract. The hydrogen cyanide (HCN) concentration in exhaled human breath and skin gas samples collected with different sampling techniques was measured using nearinfrared cavity ring-down spectroscopy. The median baseline HCN concentrations in samples provided by 19 healthy volunteers 2-4 hours after the last meal depended on the employed sampling technique: 6.5 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) in mixed (dead space and end-tidal) mouth-exhaled breath collected to a gas sampling bag, 3.9 ppbv in end-tidal mouth-exhaled breath, 1.3 ppbv in end-tidal nose-exhaled breath, 1.0 ppbv in unwashed skin, and 0.6 ppbv in washed skin samples. Diurnal measurements showed that elevated HCN levels are to be expected in mouth-exhaled breath samples after food and drink intake, which suggests HCN generation in the oral cavity. The HCN concentrations in end-tidal nose-exhaled breath and skin gas samples correlated and it is concluded that these concentrations best reflect systemic HCN levels.

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Section: Background Levelssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Background levels and diurnal variations of hydrogen cyanide in breath and emitted from skin

et al. 2011

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“…Based on the assumption that different breathing patterns might affect exhaled parameters, as recently demonstrated by COPE et al [17], a standardised breathing manoeuvre was developed to define the degree of inspiratory and expiratory gas mixing and to ensure an air sample of alveolar origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of young patients with cystic fibrosis

Barker

Hengst²,

Schmid³

et al. 2006

Eur Respir J

163

124

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Inflammatory mediators in the exhaled breath are receiving growing medical interest as noninvasive disease markers. Volatile organic compounds have been investigated in this context, but clinical information and methodological standards are limited.The levels of ethane, propane, n-pentane, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, isoprene, benzene, toluene, dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and limonene were measured in repeated breath samples from 20 cystic fibrosis patients and 20 healthy controls (aged 8-29 yrs). Three endexhaled and one ambient air sample were collected per person and analysed on a customised gas chromatography system. Intra-subject coefficients of variation ranged between 9 and 34%, and hydrocarbon breath levels were influenced by their inspired concentrations. The alveolar gradient for pentane was higher in cystic fibrosis patients than in healthy controls (0.36 versus 0.21 ppb) and inversely proportional to forced expiratory volume in one second; highest values were observed in patients with pulmonary exacerbations (0.73 versus 0.24 ppb). Cystic fibrosis patients also exhibited a lower output of DMS (3.9 versus 7.6 ppb). Group differences were not significant for ethane and the remaining substances.It was concluded that chemical breath analysis for volatile organic compounds is feasible and may hold potential for the noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory processes in cystic fibrosis lung disease.

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“…For each sample, 775 cm 3 of breath was pulled through the multibed sorption microtrap at a rate of 31 cm 3 ·min -1 . It is known that significant changes in breath molecule concentrations take place as a result of variations in ventilation parameters during sampling, and hyperventilation may occur when a breath sample is collected from spontaneously breathing subjects [19]. However, this study was not aimed at determining the amounts of compounds from metabolic sources but rather at developing a reliable and quantitative method with low detection limits that allows the determination of adequate breath biomarkers to establish smoking status.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary thermal desorption unit for near real-time analysis of VOCs at sub-trace levels. Application to the analysis of environmental air contamination and breath samples

Alonso¹,

Castellanos²,

Martín³

et al. 2009

Journal of Chromatography B

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Please cite this article as: M. Alonso, M. Castellanos, J. Martín, J.M. Sanchez, Capillary thermal desorption unit for near real-time analysis of VOCs at sub-trace levels. Application to the analysis of environmental air contamination and breath samples, Journal of Chromatography B (2008Chromatography B ( ), doi:10.1016Chromatography B ( /j.jchromb.2009 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1 of 32 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

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Effects of ventilation on the collection of exhaled breath in humans

Abstract: Cope, Keary A., Michael T. Watson, W. Michael Foster, Shelley S. Sehnert, and Terence H. Risby. Effects of ventilation on the collection of exhaled breath in humans.

Cited by 132 publications

References 46 publications

Background levels and diurnal variations of hydrogen cyanide in breath and emitted from skin

Background levels and diurnal variations of hydrogen cyanide in breath and emitted from skin

Volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of young patients with cystic fibrosis

Capillary thermal desorption unit for near real-time analysis of VOCs at sub-trace levels. Application to the analysis of environmental air contamination and breath samples

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