Effects of vertical stress on fracture propagation using super critical carbon dioxide

Kizaki, Akihisa; Ohashi, Katsuhisa; Tanaka, Hironori; Sakaguchi, Kiyotoshi

doi:10.1201/b15683-166

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Ishida et al [] conducted HF experiments on the same kind of cubic granite as in the present study by using water and viscous oil, which showed similar crack features and fracture mechanism. Ishida et al [], Kizaki et al [], Stanchits et al [], and Bennour et al [] suggested the same dependency on the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, including SC‐CO 2 , based on their similar experiments using granite, tuff, sandstone, and shale. Shimizu et al [] simulated HF using their Distinct Element Method code and provided a persuasive interpretation for the dependency of the breakdown pressure, AE fracturing mechanism, and crack features on fluid viscosity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…2012],Kizaki et al [2013],Stanchits et al [2014], andBennour et al [2015] suggested the same dependency on the viscosity of the fracturing fluid, including SC-CO 2 , based on their similar experiments using granite, tuff, sandstone, and shale Shimizu et al [2011]. simulated HF using their Distinct Element Method code and provided a persuasive interpretation for the dependency of the breakdown pressure, AE fracturing mechanism, and crack features on fluid viscosity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The viscosity of supercritical CO 2 (SC‐CO 2 ) is 1 or 2 orders of magnitude smaller than that of normal liquid water, and it is still lower than that of liquid CO 2 (L‐CO 2 ) formed in the lower temperature. Although the features of cracks induced by hydraulic fracturing (HF) with a low‐viscosity fluid are expected to be different from those induced by conventional HF using water, the difference has been examined by only visual inspection [ Kizaki et al, ] and numerical simulations [ Zhou and Burbey , ]. Thus, we conducted HF experiments varying viscosity of fracturing fluid in 170 mm cubic granite blocks with AE (acoustic emission) monitoring, to investigate how fluid viscosity affects the HF process and crack properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Features of CO₂ fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments

et al. 2016

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We conducted hydraulic fracturing (HF) experiments on 170 mm cubic granite specimens with a 20 mm diameter central hole to investigate how fluid viscosity affects HF process and crack properties. In experiments using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2), liquid carbon dioxide (L‐CO2), water, and viscous oil with viscosity of 0.051–336.6 mPa · s, we compared the results for breakdown pressure, the distribution and fracturing mechanism of acoustic emission, and the microstructure of induced cracks revealed by using an acrylic resin containing a fluorescent compound. Fracturing with low‐viscosity fluid induced three‐dimensionally sinuous cracks with many secondary branches, which seem to be desirable pathways for enhanced geothermal system, shale gas recovery, and other processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Features of CO₂ fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments

et al. 2016

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“…If constant fracture toughness is used to simulate the propagation of a coinshaped fracture, the predicted bottom-hole pressure after the fracture initiation decreases monotonically with the fracture growth and tends toward the in situ stress [100,114,115]. This is inconsistent with most experimental and field results [116][117][118][119][120][121]. Only by using the fracture toughness that increases with the fracture growth can we obtain a pressure platform that is much higher than the in situ stress after the fracture initiation [122].…”

Section: Phenomenon and Explanationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Hydraulic Fracturing in Ductile Reservoirs: Theory, Simulation, and Experiment

Zhu

Han

et al. 2022

Processes

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The bottom-hole pressure of hydraulic fracturing in ductile reservoirs is much higher than that of the hydraulic fracturing simulation, and the fracture toughness inferred from the field data is 1–3 orders of magnitude higher than that measured in the laboratory. The rock apparent fracture toughness increases with the increase in the confining pressure. Excluding the influence of the fluid viscosity and the fluid lag on the apparent fracture toughness, the fracture process zone (FPZ) at the fracture tip can explain the orders of magnitude of difference in the apparent fracture toughness between the laboratory and the field. The fracture tip is passivated by plastic deformation, forming a wide and short hydraulic fracture. However, the size of the FPZ obtained in the laboratory is in the order of centimeters to decimeters, while an FPZ of 10 m magnitude is speculated in the field. The FPZ size is affected by the rock property, grain size, pore fluid, temperature, loading rate, and loading configuration. It is found that the FPZ has a size effect that tends to disappear when the rock specimen size reaches the scale of meters. However, this cannot fully explain the experience of hydraulic fracturing practice. The hydraulic fracturing behavior is also affected by the relation between the fracture toughness and the fracture length. The fracture behavior of type II and mixed type for the ductile rock is poorly understood. At present, the apparent fracture toughness model and the cohesive zone model (CZM) are the most suitable criteria for the fracture propagation in ductile reservoirs, but they cannot fully characterize the influence of the rock plastic deformation on the hydraulic fracturing. The elastic-plastic constitutive model needs to be used to characterize the stress–strain behavior in the hydraulic fracturing simulation, and the fracture propagation criteria suitable for ductile reservoirs also need to be developed.

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A Fracturing Model Coupled with THM Based on Three Dimensional Discrete Element Method: Case Study of a Hot Dry Rock Reservoir

Wu,

He,

Guo

et al. 2025

Mechanisms and Machine Science

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Effects of vertical stress on fracture propagation using super critical carbon dioxide

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Features of CO₂ fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments

Features of CO₂ fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments

A Review of the Hydraulic Fracturing in Ductile Reservoirs: Theory, Simulation, and Experiment

A Fracturing Model Coupled with THM Based on Three Dimensional Discrete Element Method: Case Study of a Hot Dry Rock Reservoir

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Effects of vertical stress on fracture propagation using super critical carbon dioxide

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Features of CO2 fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments

Features of CO2 fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments

A Review of the Hydraulic Fracturing in Ductile Reservoirs: Theory, Simulation, and Experiment

A Fracturing Model Coupled with THM Based on Three Dimensional Discrete Element Method: Case Study of a Hot Dry Rock Reservoir

Contact Info

Product

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Features of CO₂ fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments

Features of CO₂ fracturing deduced from acoustic emission and microscopy in laboratory experiments