Effects of Vertically Heterogeneous Soil Salinity on Plant Growth and Water Uptake

Shalhevet, J.; Bernstein, Leon

doi:10.1097/00010694-196808000-00003

Cited by 91 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have concluded that plant response was affected by the mean salinity in the root zone, regardless of the soil salinity distribution patterns (Shalhevet and Bernstein 1968;Shalhevet et al 1969;Maas and Hoffman 1977). Salinity effects are often species specific.…”

Section: Salinity á Sodicity and Cover Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinization of soil over saline-sodic overburden from the oil sands in Alberta

KesslerS.¹,

ReesK.C.J.²

2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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S. 2010. Salinization of soil over saline-sodic overburden from the oil sands in Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 90: 637Á647. Saline-sodic mine overburden (also referred to as spoil) removed to access the oil sands in the Athabasca region of Alberta is used as backfill in open pits and is also placed in large upland structures. These deposits are reclaimed with a soil cover to support re-vegetation. The chemistry within reconstructed soil profiles over saline-sodic overburden was investigated to determine the nature and spatial distribution of salts in the soils. Four reclamation treatments were compared: three layered covers (35, 50 and 100 cm thick) and one non-layered cover (100 cm thick). Salts have accumulated in the cover soils 15 to 20 cm above the overburden, raising the electrical conductivity in the lower part of the soil to between 4.5 and 6.0 dS m (1 , which is beyond the acceptable value for vegetation growth. Salt redistribution was not related to slope position and the pattern of salt ingress suggests that diffusion has been the main mechanism driving salt migration into the soils during the initial 4-yr period following placement. Cover thickness did not affect the extent of salt migration, but the overall quality of the thinner covers (35 and 50 cm) for vegetation growth was compromised by the increased salinity levels. , ce qui de´passe le seuil acceptable pour la croissance de la ve´ge´tation. La redistribution du sel ne de´pend pas de la pente et sa pe´ne´tration laisse croire que la diffusion est le principal me´canisme expliquant sa migration dans le sol au cours des quatre premie`res anne´es suivant les travaux. L'e´paisseur de la couverture n'affecte pas le degre´de migration du sel, mais la plus forte concentration de sel dans les couvertures moins e´paisses (35 et 50 cm) empeˆche la croissance des plantes.

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Section: Salinity á Sodicity and Cover Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinization of soil over saline-sodic overburden from the oil sands in Alberta

KesslerS.¹,

ReesK.C.J.²

2010

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…Investigators have reported that reduced plant water uptake from a zone of high salinity is by an increase in the uptake from a zone low in salinity (Lunin & Gallantin, 1965;Shalhevet & Bernstein, 1968). Although this takes place without significant reduction in yield, there is a general concern about how much salt can be stored in the root zone before leaching is needed (Hoffman, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt accumulation and distribution in a greenhouse soil as affected by salinity of irrigation water and leaching management

Blanco

Folegatti

2002

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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The effects of irrigation water salinity, leaching fraction and its frequency of application on soil salinization were studied. Three water salinities (S1=1.54, S2=3.10 and S3=5.20 dS m-1) and two irrigation water depths associated with their application frequencies (W1=1.00 ETc; W2F1=1.25 ETc in all irrigations and W2F2=1.25 ETc when the irrigation water depth of W1 reached 100 mm where ETc is the crop evapotranspiration), were applied during the growing period of a grafted-cucumber crop in a greenhouse. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks of 3 x 3 factorial scheme with 3 replications. Soil salinity at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 m depths increased linearly with salinity levels of water and the leaching fraction did not have any effect regardless of its management. Salt concentration was higher near the soil surface and between the adjacent drippers.

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“…There are relatively few reported experinments oni water uptake by l)lant root systemiis growing under a nonuniform-i distribution of salt concentration (4,9,10). It is known that when saline conditions vary with depth, water extraction is niot uniform with depth (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

Leaf Water Potential of Differentially Salinized Plants

1969

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Abstract. Water and osmotic potential energies were measured with thermocouple psvchrometers, at intervals during a 4-week period, in growing leaves of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, var. Blue Lake) and barley (Hordeum vulgare, var. Liberty) plants having roots equally split between 2 differentially salinized nutrient solutions. The osmotic potentials of plants with half their roots in saline solutions were about halfway between the osmotic potentials of plants grown in nonsaline solutions and those grown in saline solutions. By the end of the 4-week measurement period, the beans and barley were almost mature. The final dry weights of shoots of plants with half their roots in saline solutions were about halfway between the dry weights of the shoots of plants grown in nonsaline solutions and the dry weights of those in saline solutions. The results obtained showed that the degree of osmotic adjustment and the rate of growth were functions of the proportion of the root system exposed to saline conditions.There are relatively few reported experinments oni water uptake by l)lant root systemiis growing under a nonuniform-i distribution of salt concentration (4, 9, 10). It is known that when saline conditions vary with depth, water extraction is niot uniform with depth (11). Often a plant does not extract the more saline water toward the bottom of its root zone until most of the less saline water has 'been removed from the tupperl root zone (7). During the water extraction process. differences in total potential, osmotic potential, pressure potential, matric potential, and gravitational potential can develop in the water of the root zonie (soil water) or in the water of a part of the plant, for exanmple, a leaf. In both soil and plant systems. these 5

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Effects of Vertically Heterogeneous Soil Salinity on Plant Growth and Water Uptake

Cited by 91 publications

References 0 publications

Salinization of soil over saline-sodic overburden from the oil sands in Alberta

Salinization of soil over saline-sodic overburden from the oil sands in Alberta

Salt accumulation and distribution in a greenhouse soil as affected by salinity of irrigation water and leaching management

Leaf Water Potential of Differentially Salinized Plants

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