Effects of vigabatrin intake on brain GABA activity as monitored by spectrally edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography

Weber, O.; Verhagen, A; Duc, Christophe; Meier, D.; Leenders, Klaus L.; Boesiger, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0730-725x(98)00184-2

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The effect of the use of triclofos sodium for sedation on the metabolism of GABA and Glu was unclear. There are several reports that vigabatrin increases the brain GABA level by inhibiting GABA transaminase (Petroff et al 1995(Petroff et al , 1996Weber et al 1999;Novotny et al 1999) although triclofos sodium does not change the activity of this enzyme. Aasly et al (1999) reported that the GABA content did not appear to be correlated with antiepileptic therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Non-Invasive Evaluation of the GABAergic/Glutamatergic System in Autistic Patients Observed by MEGA-Editing Proton MR Spectroscopy Using a Clinical 3 Tesla Instrument

Harada

Taki

Nose

et al. 2010

J Autism Dev Disord

210

183

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Amino acids related to neurotransmitters and the GABAergic/glutamatergic system were measured using a 3 T-MRI instrument in 12 patients with autism and 10 normal controls. All measurements were performed in the frontal lobe (FL) and lenticular nuclei (LN) using a conventional sequence for n-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and glutamate (Glu), and the MEGA-editing method for GABA. The GABA level and [GABA]/[NAA] ratio were significantly lower (p < 0.01) in the FL, but not the LN, in patients with autism compared to normal controls. The [GABA]/[Glu] ratio in the FL was also significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the patients than in the normal controls, thus suggesting a possible abnormality in the regulation between GABA and Glu.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Non-Invasive Evaluation of the GABAergic/Glutamatergic System in Autistic Patients Observed by MEGA-Editing Proton MR Spectroscopy Using a Clinical 3 Tesla Instrument

Harada

Taki

Nose

et al. 2010

J Autism Dev Disord

210

183

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“…Two psychophysical studies have shown that performance on visual tasks mediated by the activity of GABAergic interneurons is significantly correlated with GABA content in the primary visual cortex as measured by 1H-MRS using a MEGA-PRESS sequence Yoon et al 2010a). In addition, several studies have shown that anticonvulsant medications that appear to increase GABAergic tone cause an increase in brain GABA as measured with 1H-MRS (Weber et al 1999;Petroff et al 2001). It is worth noting that several studies have found evidence that the 1H-MRS GABA signal varies over the course of the menstrual cycle in women, with GABA signal reduced during the luteal phase (Epperson et al 2002;Harada et al 2010).…”

Section: Gabamentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Spectroscopic Studies of the Brain in Psychiatric Disorders

Maddock

Buonocore

2011

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

226

196

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The measurement of brain metabolites with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a unique perspective on the brain bases of neuropsychiatric disorders. As a context for interpreting MRS studies of neuropsychiatric disorders, we review the characteristic MRS signals, the metabolic dynamics,and the neurobiological significance of the major brain metabolites that can be measured using clinical MRS systems. These metabolites include N-acetylaspartate(NAA), creatine, choline-containing compounds, myo-inositol, glutamate and glutamine, lactate, and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA). For the major adult neuropsychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, and the anxiety disorders), we highlight the most consistent MRS findings, with an emphasis on those with potential clinical or translational significance. Reduced NAA in specific brain regions in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive–compulsive disorder corroborate findings of reduced brain volumes in the same regions. Future MRS studies may help determine the extent to which the neuronal dysfunction suggested by these findings is reversible in these disorders. Elevated glutamate and glutamine (Glx) in patients with bipolar disorder and reduced Glx in patients with unipolar major depression support models of increased and decreased glutamatergic function, respectively, in those conditions. Reduced phosphomonoesters and intracellular pH in bipolar disorder and elevated dynamic lactate responses in panic disorder are consistent with metabolic models of pathogenesis in those disorders. Preliminary findings of an increased glutamine/glutamate ratio and decreased GABA in patients with schizophrenia are consistent with a model of NMDA hypofunction in that disorder. As MRS methods continue to improve, future studies may further advance our understanding of the natural history of psychiatric illnesses, improve our ability to test translational models of pathogenesis, clarify therapeutic mechanisms of action,and allow clinical monitoring of the effects of interventions on brain metabolicmarkers

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“…Early studies showed a significant GABA increase, beginning within 2 hours 79,80 and verified by others. 81,82 Increased CSF and MR spectroscopy-measured GABA by vigabatrin are associated with improved seizure control 83 ; those with lower baseline levels and steeper increases appear to respond better clinically. 84 Topiramate is an AED with an imprecise mechanism of action that is thought to enhance GABA A activity.…”

Section: Management Of Seizure Disorders Relies On the Preventive Funmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABA-Based Evaluation of Neurologic Conditions: MR Spectroscopy

Levy

Degnan

2012

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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SUMMARY: GABA serves as a major neurotransmitter of the brain and functions mainly to inhibit neural excitatory activity. Disruption of the GABAergic processes appears to occur in various neurologic and psychiatric conditions, including epilepsy, mood disorders, motor disorders such as focal dystonia and stiff-person syndrome, sleep disorders, neuroplasticity, and drug and alcohol dependence. These concentration differences may be ascertained by using MR spectroscopy to provide information on the concentration of different metabolites. This review briefly discusses advances in MR spectroscopy methods and explores the application of this technique to detect changes in GABA due to disease processes and medication-induced effects.ABBREVIATIONS: AED ϭ antiepileptic drug; GABA ϭ ␥-aminobutyric acid; GABA A R ϭ ␥-amino butyric acid A receptor; GABA B R ϭ ␥-amino butyric acid B receptor;

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Effects of vigabatrin intake on brain GABA activity as monitored by spectrally edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Non-Invasive Evaluation of the GABAergic/Glutamatergic System in Autistic Patients Observed by MEGA-Editing Proton MR Spectroscopy Using a Clinical 3 Tesla Instrument

Non-Invasive Evaluation of the GABAergic/Glutamatergic System in Autistic Patients Observed by MEGA-Editing Proton MR Spectroscopy Using a Clinical 3 Tesla Instrument

MR Spectroscopic Studies of the Brain in Psychiatric Disorders

GABA-Based Evaluation of Neurologic Conditions: MR Spectroscopy

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