Effects of vitamin D deficiency on the improvement of metabolic disorders in obese mice after vertical sleeve gastrectomy

Abstract

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is one of the most commonly performed clinical bariatric surgeries for the remission of obesity and diabetes. Its effects include weight loss, improved insulin resistance, and the improvement of hepatic steatosis. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with many diseases, including obesity. To explore the role of vitamin D in metabolic disorders for patients with obesity after VSG. We established a murine model of diet-induced obesity + VDD, and we performed VSGs to investigate VDD's effects on the improvement of metabolic disorders present in post-VSG obese mice. We observed that in HFD mice, the concentration of VitD3 is four fold of HFD + VDD one. In the post-VSG obese mice, VDD attenuated the improvements of hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, intestinal inflammation and permeability, the maintenance of weight loss, the reduction of fat loss, and the restoration of intestinal flora that were weakened. Our results suggest that in post-VSG obese mice, maintaining a normal level of vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the improvement of metabolic disorders.

Gut microbiota and vitamin status in persons with obesity: A key interplay

“…The authors revealed that, despite known beneficial effects induced by the surgery itself, deficient levels of vitamin D were associated with limited improvements of the gut dysbiosis induced by the high‐fat diet feeding. Indeed, the effects of the surgery, a decrease of Firmicutes and an increase of Bacteroidetes phyla abundance, were weaker in the group of vitamin‐D‐deficient animals post‐surgery in comparison with the group with normal levels of vitamin D 30 …”

“…29 as well as with increased intestinal inflammation and permeability. 30 In addition to those metabolic observations regarding vitamin D, many studies also reported strong links of this vitamin with adipose tissue in terms of vitamin D storage but also modulation of adipocyte differentiation or even energy metabolism and inflammation by this vitamin.…”

“…It also appears that vitamin D deficiency can impede bariatric surgery‐induced metabolic improvements. Interestingly, in a mouse model of vertical sleeve gastrectomy, deficient levels of vitamin D were linked with decreased weight loss and glucose homeostasis improvements, as well as with increased intestinal inflammation and permeability 30 . In addition to those metabolic observations regarding vitamin D, many studies also reported strong links of this vitamin with adipose tissue in terms of vitamin D storage but also modulation of adipocyte differentiation or even energy metabolism and inflammation by this vitamin.…”

“…The authors revealed that, despite known beneficial effects induced by the surgery itself, deficient levels of vitamin D were associated with limited improvements of the gut dysbiosis induced by the high-fat diet feeding. Indeed, the effects of the surgery, a decrease of Firmicutes and an increase of Bacteroidetes phyla abundance, were weaker in the group of vitamin-D-deficient animals post-surgery in comparison with the group with normal levels of vitamin D. 30 The effect of B vitamins deficiency on the GM has also been recently studied in the context of metabolic diseases. In a recent study, the effect of low B6 vitamin levels on host phenotype and GM of weaning rats was explored.…”