Effects of Vitamin D supplementation on markers of vascular function after myocardial infarction—A randomised controlled trial

Witham, Miles D.; Dove, Fiona; Khan, Faisel; Lang, Chim C.; Belch, J. J. F.; Struthers, Allan D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.054

Cited by 67 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In one study, FMD was significantly better in the vitamin D group at 8 weeks compared to the placebo group (mean ± SD) 6.9 ± 3.5 % vs 3.7 ± 3.1 %, P = 0.007), but not at 16 weeks [23]. The second study reported a significant decrease in C-reactive protein (CRP, mean ±SD -vitamin D: 1.3 ± 5.4 mg/L vs placebo: +2.0 ± 6.8 mg/L, P = 0.03) [25] (Table 1). …”

Section: Studies In Participants With a History Of Cvdmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Seven studies recruited participants in this category [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] of which two reported significant improvement in FMD and CRP respectively. In one study, FMD was significantly better in the vitamin D group at 8 weeks compared to the placebo group (mean ± SD) 6.9 ± 3.5 % vs 3.7 ± 3.1 %, P = 0.007), but not at 16 weeks [23].…”

Section: Studies In Participants With a History Of Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial and inflammatory markers in adults: A systematic review

Agbalalah

Hughes

Freeborn

et al. 2017

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Highlights• Vitamin D deficiency has been identified as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease.• Review of RCTs of effects of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial function/inflammation.• 8/29 studies reported improvements in the endothelial/inflammatory parameters measured.• This review does not support use of vitamin D as a preventative measure for CVD. AbstractThis systematic review aims to evaluate randomised controlled trials (

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Section: Studies In Participants With a History Of Cvdmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Studies In Participants With a History Of Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial and inflammatory markers in adults: A systematic review

Agbalalah

Hughes

Freeborn

et al. 2017

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…Currently, the best available inflammatory biomarker is CRP, an acute phase reactant that is a reliable, independent predictor of the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death (111) . Clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation show inconsistent results regarding an effect on CRP concentrations: most report no effect (77,80,97,(112)(113)(114)(115)(116) , whereas some show reductions in CRP concentrations (74,117,118) . Some trials have measured highsensitivity CRP (hsCRP), which can detect low-grade inflammation.…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D and risk of CVD: a review of the evidence

Fry

Sanders

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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This review summarises evidence for an association between vitamin D status and CVD and the mechanisms involved. Vitamin D 3 is predominantly provided by the action of UVB from sunlight on skin. Average UK diets supply 2-3 μg/d vitamin D but diets containing at least one portion of oily fish per week supply about 7 μg/d. Pharmacological doses of vitamin D 2 (bolus injection of 7500 μg or intakes >50 μg/d) result in a smaller increase in plasma 25 (OH)D than those of D 3 but physiological doses 5-25 μg/d seem equivalent. Plasma 25 (OH)D concentrations are also influenced by clothing, obesity and skin pigmentation. Up to 40 % of the population have plasma 25(OH)D concentrations <25 nmol/l in the winter compared with <10 % in the summer. The relative risk of CVD death is 1·41 (95 % CI 1·18, 1·68) greater in the lowest quintile of plasma 25(OH)D according to meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Acute deficiency may inhibit insulin secretion and promote inflammation thus increasing the risk of plaque rupture and arterial thrombosis. Chronic insufficiency may increase arterial stiffness. There is no evidence to support claims of reduced CVD from existing trials with bone-related health outcomes where vitamin D was usually co-administered with calcium. Although several trials with cardiovascular endpoints are in progress, these are using pharmacological doses. In view of the potential toxicity of pharmacological doses, there remains a need for long-term trials of physiological doses of D 2 and D 3 with CVD incidence as the primary outcome. Ergocalciferol: Cholecalciferol: Cardiovascular riskVitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults and may contribute to the causation of CVD. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) is made by the action of UVB light on the skin but is also provided in the diet from foods of animal origin (eggs, oily fish and meat). Ergocalciferol (vitamin D 2 ) is present in fungi that have been exposed to UVB irradiation. Both forms of vitamin D undergo 25-hydroxylation in the liver to form 25(OH) metabolites, most of which circulate in plasma bound to the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP). In the kidney, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is converted to the biologically active metabolite 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25 (OH) 2 D) by the action of 1α-hydroxylase (Fig. 1). This then binds to the vitamin D receptor, which is a highaffinity nuclear hormone receptor that regulates gene expression (1) . Measurement of serum 25(OH)D to assess vitamin D status has predominantly used immunoassays, which show lower sensitivity (about 30 %) to D 2 metabolites than gold-standard methods such as HPLC/tandem MS. Formerly, a lack of standardisation of methods and appropriate quality control made comparisons between studies difficult (2) . The situation has been remedied by the availability (3) of standard reference serum (SRM 972, National Institute of Standards and Technology) and a quality control programme in the UK organised by the Vitamin D External Quality Assessment Scheme (4) . It has...

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“…The present investigation was designed to study if the micro vascular response to occlusion and heat could detect the effect of an acute dose of vitamin D on endothelial function in people with diabetes. One problem in most studies of endothelial function is that large artery response to occlusion was the paradigm used to study vitamin D effects on blood vessels [19,20,36]. This measurement tests only 1 biochemical pathway that exists in endothelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endothelial function is usually assessed by the response of the brachial artery to 4 minutes of vascular occlusion. This elicits a vasodilation about 1 minute after the occlusion is released due to the activation of shear receptors [19,20]. These receptors mediate an increase in blood vessel diameter mediated by prostanoids and nitric oxide (NO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of laser Doppler blood flow to assess the effect of acute administration of vitamin D on micro vascular endothelial function in people with diabetes

Petrofsky

Alshammari

Khowailed

et al. 2013

PTRS

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Objective:To assess the effect of vitamin D administration on the skin blood flow response to occlusion and heat. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty age matched subjects; 10 who had diabetes and 10 who were controls were administered 4,000 IU of vitamin D3 for 3 weeks at breakfast. The function of the endothelial cells was evaluated in 2 ways; first, the response to 4 minutes of vascular occlusion of the skin was measured with a laser Doppler flow meter. Second, the skin blood flow response to local heat at 42 degrees C for 6 minutes was examined. Results:The results of the experiments showed that the blood flow response to heat was reduced after 3 weeks administration of vitamin D in the subjects with diabetes and in the control subjects (p<0.05). The response to occlusion was not significantly different within each group before and after vitamin D administration, but the group with diabetes had a significantly lower blood flow response to occlusion than did the controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: Acute doses of vitamin D may impair nitric oxide production and reduce blood flow to tissue during stressors in people with diabetes.

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Effects of Vitamin D supplementation on markers of vascular function after myocardial infarction—A randomised controlled trial

Cited by 67 publications

References 25 publications

Impact of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial and inflammatory markers in adults: A systematic review

Impact of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial and inflammatory markers in adults: A systematic review

Vitamin D and risk of CVD: a review of the evidence

The use of laser Doppler blood flow to assess the effect of acute administration of vitamin D on micro vascular endothelial function in people with diabetes

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