Effects of warming and nutrients on the microbial food web in shallow lake mesocosms

Zingel, Priit; Cremona, Fabien; Nõges, Tiina; Cao, Yu; Neif, Érika Maria; Coppens, Jan; Işkın, Uğur; Lauridsen, Torben L.; Davidson, Thomas A.; Søndergaard, Martin; Beklioğlu, Meryem

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2018.03.001

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In addition, there was a shift in the population size structure towards the dominance of small, mainly bacterivorous, forms. A similar trend has been observed in eutrophic lakes (Zingel et al, 2018). Research by Foster et al (2013) indicates that a reduction in body size at both species and community levels is an ecological response to global warming.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Shallow lake ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to these changes (Jeppesen et al, 2015). Research on microbial communities in shallow lake ecosystems has shown that a rise in temperature causes an increase in bacterial production (Özen et al, 2013; Zingel et al, 2018). The growth rate of protozoa (increase in size and reproduction rate) is also controlled by water temperature (Weisse et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In planktonic ciliate communities from eutrophic lakes, cell size has been found to decrease as the temperature increases (Fenchel, 1968). While the functioning of shallow lakes in the era of global warming is increasingly well understood, research on the impact of these changes on communities of organisms in peat ecosystems is still scarce (Audet et al, 2017; Moss, 2012; Zingel et al, 2018). Research has been conducted on the effects of a temperature increase in peat bog ecosystems on Sphagnum (Breeuwer et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of climate warming on microbial loop function in peat pools and Sphagnum hollows: Mesocosm experiments

Mieczan

Tarkowska‐Kukuryk

2020

Int Rev Hydrobiol

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Climate change models predict a possible increase in air temperature of 2-8°C. This means that global warming will significantly affect the functioning of various types of hydrogenic ecosystems. However, the effect of the temperature increase on microbial loop function in small water bodies associated with peat ecosystems (peat pools and Sphagnum hollows) is still unknown. We used mesocosm experiments (control and treatments with a 2°C, 4°C and 8°C temperature increase) to determine the response of bacterioplankton, flagellates, testate amoebae and ciliates to simulated temperature changes, taking into account seasonal variation in the temperate climate zone. The simulated increase in climate warming increased the species richness of ciliates and the abundance of bacteria, flagellates and ciliates. In contrast, there was a decrease in the species number and abundance of testate amoebae, the top predators in peat ecosystems. The sensitivity of the various microbial groups to temperature was size-dependent; large-sized testate amoebae declined under warming. These shifts caused a decrease in the predator-prey mass ratio. An increase in the abundance of top predators promotes increased abundance of ciliates, and thus changes the architecture of the food web. At the same time, we observed the increase in phycoflora biomass thus can cancel the potential negative effects of warming on heterotrophic microbial activity. So, the potential effect of warming on the C budgets of peat pools and hollows is evident. A better understanding of what regulates microbial populations and activity in small reservoirs in peat bogs and unravelling of these fundamental mechanisms are particularly critical to more accurately predict how peat bogs will respond to climate disturbances.climate changes, food web, shallow reservoirs, temperature | INTRODUCTIONClimate change models indicate that air temperature may increase by 2-8°C (IPC, 2013), and this increase has been particularly evident in the last few years. Global warming increases the frequency of extreme weather phenomena, including very hot periods in the summer or a complete lack of ice cover on water bodies during the winter (Cao et al., 2015). The gradual increase in temperature also influences thermal stratification of lakes and the development of primary producers, and in the future may intensify eutrophication (Audet et al., 2017;Moss, 2012). Shallow lake ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to these changes (Jeppesen et al., 2015). Research on microbial communities in shallow lake ecosystems has shown that a rise in temperature causes an increase in bacterial production (Özen et al., 2013;Zingel et al., 2018). The growth rate of protozoa (increase in size and reproduction rate) is also controlled by

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of climate warming on microbial loop function in peat pools and Sphagnum hollows: Mesocosm experiments

Mieczan

Tarkowska‐Kukuryk

2020

Int Rev Hydrobiol

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“…These results demonstrate the higher risk of dramatic shifts in shallow lake ecosystems in HW periods in a future warmer world and that the risk increases with eutrophication. Rapid responses to changes in temperature, including the cooling period in the middle of the HW, were also found for the biomasses of bacterioplankton, heterotrophic flagellates, ciliates [56] and for the methane emission [47]. By contrast, a modest effect of the HW was found for phytoplankton [55] and zooplankton [35], suggesting that the microbial community and process rates are particularly sensitive to heat waves in already warm lakes, at least in the short-term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Loading, Temperature and Heat Wave Effects on Nutrients, Oxygen and Metabolism in Shallow Lake Mesocosms Pre-Adapted for 11 Years

Audet

Davidson

Neif

et al. 2021

Water

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Global changes (e.g., warming and population growth) affect nutrient loadings and temperatures, but global warming also results in more frequent extreme events, such as heat waves. Using data from the world’s longest-running shallow lake experimental mesocosm facility, we studied the effects of different levels of nutrient loadings combined with varying temperatures, which also included a simulated 1-month summer heat wave (HW), on nutrient and oxygen concentrations, gross ecosystem primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), net ecosystem production (NEP) and bacterioplankton production (BACPR). The mesocosms had two nutrient levels (high (HN) and low (LN)) combined with three different temperatures according to the IPCC 2007 warming scenarios (unheated, A2 and A2 + 50%) that were applied for 11 years prior to the present experiment. The simulated HW consisted of 5 °C extra temperature increases only in the A2 and A2 + 50% treatments applied from 1 July to 1 August 2014. Linear mixed effect modeling revealed a strong effect of nutrient treatment on the concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), on various forms of phosphorus and nitrogen as well as on oxygen concentration and oxygen percentage (24 h means). Applying the full dataset, we also found a significant positive effect of nutrient loading on GPP, ER, NEP and BACPR, and of temperature on ER and BACPR. The HW had a significant positive effect on GPP and ER. When dividing the data into LN and HN, temperature also had a significant positive effect on Chl-a in LN and on orthophosphate in HN. Linear mixed models revealed differential effects of nutrients, Chl-a and macrophyte abundance (PVI) on the metabolism variables, with PVI being particularly important in the LN mesocosms. All metabolism variables also responded strongly to a cooling-low irradiance event in the middle of the HW, resulting in a severe drop in oxygen concentrations, not least in the HN heated mesocosms. Our results demonstrate strong effects of nutrients as well as an overall rapid response in oxygen metabolism and BACPR to changes in temperature, including HWs, making them sensitive ecosystem indicators of climate warming.

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“…The effects of global warming may include very hot periods in the summer or a complete lack of ice cover on water bodies during the winter ( Cao et al, 2015 , Audet et al, 2017 , Nandini et al, 2019 ). The results of previous studies indicate that in natural lake ecosystems the share of smaller species increases in planktonic invertebrate communities, because the higher temperature causes an increase in mortality, mainly through pressure from top predators ( Heckmann et al, 2012 , Shurin et al, 2012 , Rall et al, 2012 , Zingel et al, 2018 , Reczuga et al, 2018 ). According to Ohlberger (2013) , warming-induced responses in average body size are not only determined by changes in individual growth and development rates, but also mediated through size-dependent feedbacks at the population level, as well as by competitive and predatory interactions within the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of climate warming on the diurnal dynamics of the microbial loop: Ice cover vs. lack of ice cover on dystrophic lakes

Mieczan

Grześkiewicz

2021

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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One of the effects of warming is earlier retreat of the ice cover or a complete lack of ice cover on water bodies in the winter. However, there is still no information on how climate warming affects the 24-hour dynamics of the planktonic microbial loop in winter. The aim of this investigation was to assess the diurnal dynamics of the taxonomic composition and abundance of microbial communities in experimentally reproduced conditions (samples from under the ice, +2, +4 and +8 °C) and to analyse the relationships between components of the microbial loop in relation to physical and chemical parameters. Samples were taken in winter from three dystrophic reservoir. The biological and physicochemical parameters in the water were analysed at the start (day 0), 15 and end of the experiment (day 30) over a 24-hour cycle. The increase in temperature caused an increase in the numbers of predators (particularly testate amoebae and ciliates) and a reduction in the body size of individual populations. During the period with ice cover, marked dominance of mixotrophic testate amoeba (Hyalosphenia papilio) and ciliates ( Paramecium bursaria ) was observed, while the increase in temperature caused an increase in the proportion of bacterivorous ciliates ( Cinetochilum margaritaceum) .

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Effects of warming and nutrients on the microbial food web in shallow lake mesocosms

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

The effect of climate warming on microbial loop function in peat pools and Sphagnum hollows: Mesocosm experiments

The effect of climate warming on microbial loop function in peat pools and Sphagnum hollows: Mesocosm experiments

Nutrient Loading, Temperature and Heat Wave Effects on Nutrients, Oxygen and Metabolism in Shallow Lake Mesocosms Pre-Adapted for 11 Years

The impact of climate warming on the diurnal dynamics of the microbial loop: Ice cover vs. lack of ice cover on dystrophic lakes

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