Effects of waste glass as a sand replacement on the strength and durability of fly ash/GGBS based alkali activated mortar

Sasui, Sasui; Kim, Gyu-Yong; Nam, Jeongsoo; Riessen, Arie van; Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.04.121

Cited by 34 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Lee and van Deventer [48] and Sasui et al [49] described SEM analysis as a method used to check the particle surface morphology of the raw material and formed material and verify the formation of the gel phase. On the other hand, EDS analysis provides an elemental analysis (area or point) of the developed material or confirms the presence of certain elements such as Si, Al, Mg, O, and Na [48,50].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy With Energy-dispersive Spectros...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of calcium components in the geopolymerization reaction is primarily seen during the addition of GGBS. The reactive Ca in the GGBS source enhances the mechanical strength of the geopolymer concrete due to the formation of calcite and calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel in the structure, while decreasing the porosity and setting time [49]. The reactive Mg in high MgO sources such as calcined hydromagnesite caused an increase in the early-stage compressive strength for low calcination temperatures and late-stage compressive strength for high-temperature calcination [69].…”

Section: X-ray Fluorescence Analyismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buildings 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 [49]. The reactive Mg in high MgO sources such as calcined hydromagnesite caused increase in the early-stage compressive strength for low calcination temperatures and l stage compressive strength for high-temperature calcination [69].…”

Section: X-ray Fluorescence Analyismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the introduction of alkaline roasting as an additional activation step after grinding further disintegrated silicon and alumina species in the quartz and albite peaks, as shown in Figure 13. The study by Sasui et al [49] shows the effect of the silica source to determine reactivity of the geopolymer precursor. Different combinations of a Class C fly ash ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were mixed.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This result corresponded with increasing compressive strength upon geopolymerization, as mor active species from the GGBS source are observed. The study by Sasui et al [49] shows the effect of the silica source to determin reactivity of the geopolymer precursor. Different combinations of a Class C fly ash ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were mixed.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geopolymers as Sustainable Material for Strengthening and Restoring Unreinforced Masonry Structures: A Review

et al. 2021

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Unreinforced masonry (URM) structures are vulnerable to earthquakes; thus, materials and techniques for their strengthening and restoration should be developed. However, the materials used in some of the existing retrofitting technologies for URM and the waste produced at its end-of-life are unsustainable. The production of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) worldwide has enormously contributed to the global carbon footprint, resulting in persistent environmental problems. Replacing OPC with geopolymers, which are more sustainable and environmentally friendly, presents a potential solution to these problems. Geopolymers can replace the OPC component in engineering cementitious composites (ECC), recommended to strengthen and restore URM structures. In the present paper, the state-of-the-art knowledge development on applying geopolymers in URM structures is discussed. The discussion is focused on geopolymers and their components, material characterization, geopolymers as a strengthening and restoration material, and fiber-reinforced geopolymers and their application to URM structures. Based on this review, it was found that the mechanical properties of geopolymers are on par with that of OPC; however, there are few studies on the mentioned applications of geopolymers. The characterization of geopolymers’ mechanical and physical properties as a restoration material for URM structures is still limited. Therefore, other properties such as chemical interaction with the substrate, workability, thixotropic behavior, and aesthetic features of geopolymers need to be investigated for its wide application. The application method of geopolymer-based ECC as a strengthening material for a URM structure is by grouting injection. It is also worth recommending that other application techniques such as deep repointing, jacketing, and cement-plastering be explored.

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Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy With Energy-dispersive Spectros...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Fluorescence Analyismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Fluorescence Analyismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geopolymers as Sustainable Material for Strengthening and Restoring Unreinforced Masonry Structures: A Review

et al. 2021

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Circular economy strategy for the valorization of fly ash as a substitute for cement in monoliths (resistance and reactivity evaluation)

Morales,

Herrera,

López

et al. 2023

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Fly ash is currently a problem in different companies, mainly in thermoelectric plants, which must follow a production and consumption model that involves reusing, renewing, and recycling, thus contributing to the circular economy. This work aims to evaluate the reactivity and compressive strength of different types of ashes in concrete monoliths. For this purpose, sugarcane bagasse (SCBA), bituminous coal (BC), and untreated hazardous waste (RUD) were evaluated as replacements for cement. Monoliths and mortars have been manufactured in different mixtures, taken to a curing room, and their compressive strength and reactivity have been determined at different times (up to 28 days for the monoliths and up to 90 for the mortars), mainly in order to check the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gels. In the monolith tests, the best performances have been with SCBA and BC, which have been used for the manufacture of the mortars. On day 56, the behavior of the replacement of 30% fly ash (15% BC:15% SCBA) presents a type H mortar behavior, with better results than the control. By day 90, all replacements had the same resistance as M mortars and even higher resistances than the control. This demonstrates the feasibility of its use in the production of Portland cement for the manufacture of low‐performance inputs. This implies the possible reduction of impacts, both in waste disposal sites and in emissions caused by the construction industry, thus contributing to the circular economy.

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Modeling the compressive strength of green mortar modified with waste glass granules and fly ash using soft computing techniques

Ahmad

Rafiq

Faraj

2023

Innov. Infrastruct. Solut.

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Effects of waste glass as a sand replacement on the strength and durability of fly ash/GGBS based alkali activated mortar

Cited by 34 publications

References 63 publications

Geopolymers as Sustainable Material for Strengthening and Restoring Unreinforced Masonry Structures: A Review

Geopolymers as Sustainable Material for Strengthening and Restoring Unreinforced Masonry Structures: A Review

Circular economy strategy for the valorization of fly ash as a substitute for cement in monoliths (resistance and reactivity evaluation)

Modeling the compressive strength of green mortar modified with waste glass granules and fly ash using soft computing techniques

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