Effects of Waste Glass Bottle Nanoparticles and High Volume of Waste Ceramic Tiles on Concrete Performance When Exposed to Elevated Temperatures: Experimental and Theoretical Evaluations

Abstract

This article reports the durability performance of modified concrete with silica nanoparticles and a high volume of waste ceramic tiles under varying elevated temperatures. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was replaced with 60% waste ceramic tiles powder (WTCPs) and supplemented with 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% nanopowders from waste glass bottles (WGBNPs) as a rich source of silica. The natural aggregates (both coarse and fine) were fully replaced by the crushed waste ceramic tiles (WTCAs). After 28 days of curing, the modified specimens were exposed to varying elevated temperatures (200, 400, 600, and 800 °C) in a furnace followed by air cooling. Tests such as residual compressive strength, weight loss, ultrasonic plus velocity, visual appearance, and microstructural analysis were conducted. Additionally, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to validate the performance of the proposed predictive equations, as well as their terms, using p-values and F-values. It was discerned that OPC substitution with WTCPs and WGBNPs significantly improved the concrete’s performance under elevated temperatures. It is observed that the addition of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% WGBNPs lowered the concrete deterioration by increasing the residual strength and reducing both internal and external cracks. This study provides some new insights into the utilization of WTCPs and WGBNPs to produce sustainable and eco-friendly modified concrete with high spalling resistance characteristics at elevated temperatures.