Effects of water based Al2O3, TiO2, and CuO nanofluids as the coolant on solid and annular fuels for a typical VVER-1000 core

Ghazanfari, Valiyollah; Talebi, Mansour; Khorsandi, Jamshid; Abdolahi, R.

doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2016.05.007

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…When only water is used at the end of the channel, the enthalpy value reaches 1598 kJ/kg, while this value reaches 1562 kJ/kg in the coolant containing 0.01% CaCO3. The temperature and enthalpy changes are similar to other studies using nanofluid coolants [33][34][35].…”

Section: Figure 2 Hvl and Mfp Values For Caco3supporting

confidence: 87%

“…While only water was used, the coolant temperature value at the end of the channel was approximately 613 K, while the temperature reached 610.64 K at the rate of 0.1%, 611.04 K at the rate of 0.2% and 611.19 K at the rate of 0.3% with the addition of nanoparticles. In a study using nanoparticle added coolant, the temperature increased with increasing nanoparticle ratio, similar to this study [33]. The enthalpy change of the coolant containing calcium carbonate was given in Figure 5.…”

Section: Figure 2 Hvl and Mfp Values For Caco3supporting

confidence: 68%

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Nükleer Reaktörlerde Nanoparçacık Olarak Kalsiyum Karbonat Kullanımının Araştırılması

Uzun

Genç

Acır

2023

Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences

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In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was considered as nanoparticle. In the first part of the study, half-value layer (HVL) and mean free path (MFP) values, which are radiation shielding parameters, were investigated in determined energy ranges by Phy-X open access software. At increasing energy levels, the HVL value reached approximately 10 cm, while the MFP value reached approximately 17 cm. In the second part of the study, the reactor core geometry was modeled with the MCNP code and then the relative power distribution values were determined. COBRA code input was prepared with the determined relative power distribution values and thermal analyzes were made. These analyzes were performed for three different nanoparticle ratios. As a result of the analysis, the temperature value at the end of the channel was 613 K when only water was used as a coolant, while the temperature value at the end of the channel was 611.19 K when 0.03% nanoparticles were used. Although the coolant temperature increased with the nanoparticle ratio, it was observed that the temperature decreased when only water was used.

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Section: Figure 2 Hvl and Mfp Values For Caco3supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Figure 2 Hvl and Mfp Values For Caco3supporting

confidence: 68%

Nükleer Reaktörlerde Nanoparçacık Olarak Kalsiyum Karbonat Kullanımının Araştırılması

Uzun

Genç

Acır

2023

Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences

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“…As a result, the reactor core can be more compact and the capital cost of the power plant can be decreased. Also, using annular fuel instead of solid fuel increases the security and efficiency of the reactor core 150 …”

Section: Nanofluid Applications In Pwrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, using annular fuel instead of solid fuel increases the security and efficiency of the reactor core. 150…”

Section: Nanofluid Applications In Pwrs With Annular Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanofluid applications in pressurized water reactors: A review

Mirian

Ansarifar

Esteki

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The main purpose of this paper was to review nanofluid applications as the main coolant of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) with both solid and dual‐cooled annular fuel. In this regard, first, theoretical and experimental models for calculating thermo‐physical properties of nanofluids including density, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity, and heat transfer coefficient were reviewed and the effects of different variables such as particle volume concentration, particle size, shape, and temperature on these parameters were determined. In the following, research related to neutronic, thermal‐hydraulic, and safety investigations of nanofluids as the main coolant of PWRs with solid and dual‐cooled annular fuel were reviewed. Corresponding methods, codes, and results were discussed and compared. Based on studies, it was concluded that nanofluids' effects on key neutronic parameters (keff, neutron flux and radial and axial power peaking factor) depend on the used nanoparticle, volume concentration, and nanoparticle deposition on the cladding, while nanofluids can increase heat transfer, critical heat flux, and minimum departure from nuclear boiling ratio (MDNBR). Also, it was found that nanofluids with low volume concentration in reactor core with dual‐cooled annular fuel can replicate the same advantages. Furthermore, using dual‐cooled annular fuel instead of solid fuel increases MDNBR margin and reduces coolant flow which leads to a more compact design of the reactor core and a reduction of capital cost. Finally, incoming challenges and future works were presented.

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“…This is illustrated in Figure 2. In the nuclear reactor field, nanofluids as coolants could increase the cooling capacity and maintain safe operation of nuclear reactor cooling systems [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Nanofluids also can be used to improve oil recovery efficiency due to their excellent heat transfer performance [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Introduction 1nanofluid Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Nanofluids as Coolants for Thermal Management Systems in Fuel Cell Vehicles

Tao,

Zhong,

Deng

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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With the development of high-power fuel cell vehicles, heat dissipation requirements have become increasingly stringent. Although conventional cooling techniques improve the heat dissipation capacity by increasing the fan rotating speed or radiator dimensions, high energy consumption and limited engine compartment space prevent their implementation. Moreover, the insufficient heat transfer capacity of existing coolants limits the enhancement of heat dissipation performance. Therefore, exploring novel coolants to replace traditional coolants is important. Nanofluids composed of nanoparticles and base liquids are promising alternatives, effectively improving the heat transfer capacity of the base liquid. However, challenges remain that prevent their use in fuel cell vehicles. These include issues regarding the nanofluid stability and cleaning, erosion and abrasion, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity. In this review, we summarize the nanofluid applications in oil-fueled, electric, and fuel cell vehicles. Subsequently, we provide a comprehensive literature review of the challenges and future research directions of nanofluids as coolants in fuel cell vehicles. This review demonstrates the potential of nanofluids as an alternative thermal management system that can facilitate transition toward a low-carbon, energy-secure economy. It will serve as a reference for researchers to focus on new areas that could drive the field forward.

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Effects of water based Al2O3, TiO2, and CuO nanofluids as the coolant on solid and annular fuels for a typical VVER-1000 core

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

Nükleer Reaktörlerde Nanoparçacık Olarak Kalsiyum Karbonat Kullanımının Araştırılması

Nükleer Reaktörlerde Nanoparçacık Olarak Kalsiyum Karbonat Kullanımının Araştırılması

Nanofluid applications in pressurized water reactors: A review

A Review of Nanofluids as Coolants for Thermal Management Systems in Fuel Cell Vehicles

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