Effects of water chemistries and properties of membrane on the performance and fouling—a model development study

A comprehensive review on surface modified polymer membranes for biofouling mitigation

“…On the contrary, Peng et al [68] showed that the smoothest surface and a mildly negative zeta potential contribute to the biofilm formation. As seen in Fig.…”

Coupling microfiltration and nanofiltration processes for the treatment at source of dyeing-containing effluent

“…Previous works showed that reversible and irreversible fouling can contribute up to 18% and 26e46% of permeate flux reduction respectively (Van der Bruggen et al, 2005). Moreover, electrostatic repulsion and attraction were used in the literature to explain the flux decline due to the fouling phenomenon (Childress and Elimelech, 2000;Peng et al, 2004).…”

“…Electrostatic repulsion and attraction are usually used in NF process to explain the phenomenon of flux decline and fouling (Bacchin et al, 2006;Childress and Elimelech, 2000;Bellona and Drewes, 2005;Peng et al, 2004). The ion retention through NF membrane could be classified into two main categories (Peeters et al, 1998):…”

Selected water/wastewater membrane‐related presentations from the North American Membrane Society 2007 Annual Meeting

“…The materials on the membrane surface, which cannot be removed by cross-flow operation, backflushing, or backpuls- ing, result in permanent flux decline and lead to fouling. Many researchers agree that organic matter is considered a major contributor to abiotic membrane fouling in water separation applications [2,[7][8][9][10][11][12].…”