Effects of water shortage on the yield of winter wheat

Gales, K.; Wilson, Neil

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1981.tb04802.x

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Results showed that flowering and maturity times were decreased in MWDS and SWDS irrigation regimes. In agreement with our results, Gales and Wilson [ 43 ] with studies in winter wheat, Bannayan et al [ 20 ] in isabgol and black cumin and Alinian and Razmjoo [ 23 ] in cumin ( Cuminum Cyminum L.) reported that water-deficit stress induced a reduction in the time to maturity. This effect is influenced by various factors including the level and duration of the stress, the genotype and the maturity time under non-stress conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Genetic combining ability of coriander genotypes for agronomic and phytochemical traits in response to contrasting irrigation regimes

et al. 2018

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Knowledge of genetic combining ability and gene action would help breeders to choose suitable parents and devise an appropriate breeding strategy for coriander. In the present study, six diverse genotypes of coriander, their 15 F1s and 15 F2s were evaluated through randomized complete block design with three replications to study genetic combining ability for agronomic and phytochemical traits in coriander. Plants were subjected to well-watered (WW), mild water-deficit stress (MWDS) and severe water-deficit stress (SWDS) irrigation regimes. The results indicate that water-deficit stress decreased all of the measured traits in both the F1 and F2 generations. General combining ability and specific combining ability effects were highly significant for all of the traits in both the F1 and F2 generations. Additive gene action was predominant for phonology and fruit yield component traits in all irrigation regimes in both the F1 and F2 generations. For fatty acid content and total lipid yield, non-additive gene action was predominant in the F1 generation while additive gene action was predominant in the F2 generation under MWDS and SWDS conditions. The P4 parent had the highest general combining ability for fruit yield components in both the F1 and F2 generations. The P6 parent had the highest general combining ability for phenological and phytochemical traits. The P4 and P6 parents are promising material to develop early flowering and early maturing genotypes coupled with high total lipids in advanced generations of segregation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This effect is influenced by various factors including the level and duration of the stress, the genotype and the maturity time under non-stress conditions. Reduced time to maturity is known as a water-deficit stress avoidance mechanism in plants [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic combining ability of coriander genotypes for agronomic and phytochemical traits in response to contrasting irrigation regimes

et al. 2018

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“…100 mm (Mc-Gowan & Williams, 1980) but matched those for perennial grass swards (Garwood & Sinclair, 1979). The maximum of 186 ±7-6 mm recorded in 1982 represents about 86 % of the water available in the effective rooting zone and is similar to that measured by Gales & Wilson (1981) on a silt loam soil and which in their experiment had no significant effect on yield. The combine grain yield for 1982 in the current experiment when the third wheat crop was grown was only 12% less than that for 1980 (first wheat crop) when the comparable deficit was just 128+ 3 mm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The combine grain yield for 1982 in the current experiment when the third wheat crop was grown was only 12% less than that for 1980 (first wheat crop) when the comparable deficit was just 128+ 3 mm. The conclusion that in a silt loam, yield would be decreased only by soil water deficits exceeding 180 mm (Gales & Wilson, 1981) appears also to be true for our clay soil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Water use by winter wheat as affected by soil management

et al. 1984

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SummaryIn each of the years from September 1977 to July 1982 winter wheat was grown on one or more of three clay soil sites (clay content 35–55%) in Oxfordshire where the climate is close to the average for the area of England growing winter cereals.The effects on crop water use of different soil management practices, including ploughing, direct drilling and subsoil drainage, are compared. Cultivation treatment had little effect on the maximum depth of water extraction, which on average in these clay soils was 1·54 m below the soil surface. Maximum soil water deficit was also little affected by cultivation; the maximum recorded value was 186±7·6 mm. Subsoil drainage increased the maximum depth of water extraction by approximately 15 cm and the maximum soil water deficit by about 17 mm.Generally soil management had little effect on either total water use by the crop which was found to be close to the potential evaporation estimated by the method of Penman, or water use efficiency which for these crops was about 52 kg/ha par mm water used.Results are discussed in relation to limitations to potential yield.

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“…Soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity were measured in conjunction with the identification of a compacted layer (pan). In 1980 leaf water potential was measured on two occasions using a leaf pressure ' bomb' as described by Gales & Wilson (1981).…”

Section: Soil Water Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

A study of mole drainage with simplified cultivation for autumn-sown crops on a clay soil

et al. 1984

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The soil water regimes, flow paths of water and concentrations of nutrients in this water were measured for a clay soil growing winter wheat in 1978-9 and 1979-80. The soil was either drained with mole drains at 2 m spacing connected to plot drains 46 m apart or undrained. In the 1st year a compacted layer at about 20 cm depth caused a perched water table in the Ap horizon in both drainage treatments, and prevented the mole drains at 60 cm from affecting the water table. In 1979-80 after cultivation to disrupt the compacted layer, midway between the mole drains the depth to the winter water table was 20 cm greater than in undrained soil.Surface flow, interflow at the depth of the plough layer and deep drainflow from mole and pipe drains responded rapidly to winter rainfall events. During both winters the mole and tile system removed most of the rainfall on the drained plots and the peaky hydrographs were typical of a mole system in a clay soil. In the undrained plots only a small proportion of the winter rainfall was accounted for in flow from the top 30 cm, and up to 75% of the water was able to percolate downwards possibly to below the barriers that separated the plots. Long-term water-balance studies indicated that a proportion of the water moving to depth in the undrained plots was probably entering the deep drainage system of the drained plots. As a result, the mole and pipe drainage system often removed more water than the rainfall input less evapotranspiration. This problem did not affect the depth to the water tables.For each flow component concentrations of nitrate, ammonium, nitrous oxide, phosphorus, potassium and calcium were measured in the drainage water. Concentrations of nitrate-N from all drained plots were largest in autumn, being in the range 50-95 mg N/l, but then decreased to 1-5 mgN/1 by the end of March. Losses of nitrate-N were mainly through the mole drains and amounted to 43-6 and 59-7 kg N/ha in the 2 years. The quantities of nitrate-N lost in surface runoff or in flow in the cultivated layer were small on both treatments. Gaseous nitrous oxide, ammonium and phosphorus contents were very small. Potassium concentrations were somewhat larger, but not exceeding 3-5 mg/1. The calcium concentrations were in the range 40-210 mg/1. Concentrations of herbicides measured in November 1980 were negligible.In the 2nd year water was taken up from a greater depth in the drained than in the undrained plots from April onwards. These results are discussed in relation to water supply to the crops at this site. 562 G. L. HARRIS AND OTHERS INTRODUCTIONThe work reported here is part of a multidisciplinary study on the effect of drainage in a clay soil. The background, treatments and design of the experiment are described by Cannell et al. (1984). This paper reports the effect of a mole and pipe drainage system on the water table, the water extraction and water use during the growing season, for the first 2 years of the experiment when all plots were tine cultivated. The effect of the drainage system on the ...

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Effects of water shortage on the yield of winter wheat

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Genetic combining ability of coriander genotypes for agronomic and phytochemical traits in response to contrasting irrigation regimes

Genetic combining ability of coriander genotypes for agronomic and phytochemical traits in response to contrasting irrigation regimes

Water use by winter wheat as affected by soil management

A study of mole drainage with simplified cultivation for autumn-sown crops on a clay soil

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