Effects of water stress on dry matter content and partitioning in four grapevine cultivars (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.)

Abstract

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Three-year-old grapevines of four cultivars (Garnacha tinta (Grenache noir), Tempranillo, Chardonnay and Airén) were grown on 35 L container under full irrigation and restricted irrigation conditions in order to determine the effect of water stress on carbohydrate allocation. Total grapevine dry matter was measured at pruning, fruitset, veraison and harvest. Roots, wood, shoots, leaves and clusters were dried separately. Shoots were the most affected organs by water stress, while wood was the least affected. Vines under water stress partitioned more dry matter to wood and roots to the detriment of fruits and shoots. The period from fruitset to veraison was the most active for dry matter accumulation under conditions of stress, whereas non-water stressed vines accumulated more dry matter from veraison to harvest. Under both irrigation treatments, fruits competed with roots for dry matter partitioning. Irrigation treatment and cultivar determined fruit size. Fruit size determined dry matter partitioning between organs and the dry matter accumulation pattern.&lt;/p&gt;

Effect of Berry Weight and its Components on the Contents of Sugars and Anthocyanins of Three Varieties of Vitis vinifera L. under Different Water Supply Conditions

“…Sugar accumulation (expressed as a percentage) was ten times higher than the change in the weight of the berry. This result agrees with the results reported by Gomez del Campo et al (2005). These researchers showed that, under stress conditions, the size of the fruit, the accumulation of dry matter and sugar content are affected, but total amounts are dependent on the variety.…”

“…This result explains the higher sugar content in Tannat berries. Some authors hypothesise this to be due to genetic causes (Edson et al, 1995;Gomez del Campo et al, 2005;Liu et al, 2007;Sadras et al, 2008).…”

“…Variety is one of the major factors determining the difference in size and composition of the berry as a result of specific genetic characteristics associated with growth and the relative proportion of the components (flesh, seeds and skin) and their relationships (Matthews & Nuzzo, 2007;Constantini et al, 2008;Attia et al, 2010;Barbagallo et al, 2011;Dai et al, 2011;Nicolas et al, 2013). Genetics determines composition and has an influence on the ability of the variety to accumulate compounds, on the way in which photosynthetic products are distributed within the plant and on their influence on secondary metabolism (Edson et al, 1995;Gomez del Campo et al, 2005;Liu et al, 2007;Sadras et al, 2008;Dai et al, 2011). Among the components of the berry, flesh represents the largest proportion of weight and is the place where most sugars accumulate (Matthews & Nuzzo, 2007;Barbagallo et al, 2011).…”

Variability among Young Table Grape Cultivars in Response to Water Deficit and Water Use Efficiency

“…Reductions of plant dry matter in case of a severe water deficit are in line with other studies [19,33] and indicated reduced plant growth due to a prolonged water deficit during fruit development and ripening. Cultivar differences, as they occurred in this study, were also observed by Gómez del Campo et al [52,53], where cultivar selection and cultivar-irrigation interactions were the main factors influencing leaf area, number of leaves, SLA, and dry mass production [53][54][55].…”

Biological and environmental factors controlling root dynamics and function: effects of root ageing and soil moisture

“…Studies have shown that root growth of some grape species and rootstocks can be greatly reduced under extreme conditions of dry soil without supplemental irrigation (Comas et al. 2005), while in some species and rootstocks, vines can continue to produce new roots during moderate to severe water stress and may be stimulated to produce larger root populations (Freeman and Smart 1976, van Zyl 1988, Gomez‐Del‐Campo et al. 2005, Bauerle et al.…”