Effects of Water Stress on Carbon Exchange Rate and Activities of Photosynthetic Enzymes in Leaves of Sugarcane (Saccharum Sp.)

Du, YC; Kawamitsu, Yoshinobu; Nose, Akihiro; Hiyane, S.; Murayama, Seiichi; Wasano, Kikuo; Uchida, Yasushi

doi:10.1071/pp9960719

Cited by 87 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…No entanto, houve aclimatação das plantas no início do período de recuperação, ou seja, os valores de V pmáx se igualaram aos verificados em TN20 (Figura 3 C). Alguns estudos também mostraram a redução na atividade da PEPcase com a diminuição do conteúdo de água no solo (Du et al, 1996;Markelz et al, 2011) e com a baixa temperatura noturna (Kakani et al, 2008;Soares-Cordeiro et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Baixa temperatura noturna e deficiência hídrica na fotossíntese de cana‑de‑açúcar

Machado

Lagôa

Ribeiro

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as respostas fotossintéticas da cana-de-açúcar aos efeitos simultâneos e isolados de baixa temperatura noturna (TN) e deficiência hídrica (DH). Após 128 dias do plantio, as plantas da cultivar IACSP94-2094 foram submetidas aos tratamentos: controle, sem DH e com TN de 20°C (TN20); com DH e TN de 20°C (DH/TN20); sem DH e com TN de 12°C (TN12); e com DH e TN de 12°C (DH/TN12) por cinco dias. Após o período de tratamento, as plantas foram irrigadas e submetidas à TN de 20°C por mais quatro dias, para recuperação. Houve decréscimos na assimilação de CO 2 em todos os tratamentos. A recuperação total da assimilação de CO 2 foi observada apenas nas plantas do tratamento TN12. A ocorrência simultânea da baixa temperatura noturna e da deficiência hídrica causou dano acentuado e persistente na condutância estomática, na capacidade máxima da ribulose-1,5-bisfosfato carboxilase, no transporte aparente de elétrons, no fator de eficiência e na eficiência operacional do fotossistema II, o que resultou em limitações difusivas, bioquímicas e fotoquímicas da fotossíntese das plantas de cana-de-açúcar.Termos para indexação: Saccharum, assimilação de CO 2 , PEPcase, resfriamento, Rubisco. Low night temperature and water deficit on photosynthesis of sugarcaneAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the photosynthetic responses of sugarcane to the simultaneous and isolated effects of low night temperature (TN) and water deficit (DH). After 128 days of planting, plants of the cultivar IACSP94-2094 were subjected to the following treatments: control, without DH and with TN of 20°C (TN20); with DH and TN of 20°C (DH/TN20); without DH and with TN of 12°C (TN12); and with DH and TN of 12°C (DH/TN12). After the period of treatment, plants were irrigated and subjected to TN of 20°C for four more days, for recovery. There were decreases in CO 2 assimilation in all treatments. Total recovery of CO 2 assimilation was observed only in plants from the treatment TN12. The simultaneous occurrence of low night temperature and water deficit caused a accentuated and persistent effect on stomatal conductance, on the maximum capacity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, on the electron transport rate, on the efficiency factor, and on the operational efficiency of photosystem II, which resulted in diffusive, biochemical, and photochemical limitations of photosynthesis of sugarcane plants.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Baixa temperatura noturna e deficiência hídrica na fotossíntese de cana‑de‑açúcar

Machado

Lagôa

Ribeiro

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…3). Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase activities were decreased 9.1 times during water stress; a much greater reduction than other enzymes, which were from 2 to 4 times, suggesting that pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase is very likely to be the limiting enzyme to photosynthesis under water stress (Du et al, 1996).…”

Section: Photosynthetic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management

Farooq

Wahid

Kobayashi

et al. 2009

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

3,048

1,622

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-Scarcity of water is a severe environmental constraint to plant productivity. Drought-induced loss in crop yield probably exceeds losses from all other causes, since both the severity and duration of the stress are critical. Here, we have reviewed the effects of drought stress on the growth, phenology, water and nutrient relations, photosynthesis, assimilate partitioning, and respiration in plants. This article also describes the mechanism of drought resistance in plants on a morphological, physiological and molecular basis. Various management strategies have been proposed to cope with drought stress. Drought stress reduces leaf size, stem extension and root proliferation, disturbs plant water relations and reduces water-use efficiency. Plants display a variety of physiological and biochemical responses at cellular and whole-organism levels towards prevailing drought stress, thus making it a complex phenomenon. CO 2 assimilation by leaves is reduced mainly by stomatal closure, membrane damage and disturbed activity of various enzymes, especially those of CO 2 fixation and adenosine triphosphate synthesis. Enhanced metabolite flux through the photorespiratory pathway increases the oxidative load on the tissues as both processes generate reactive oxygen species. Injury caused by reactive oxygen species to biological macromolecules under drought stress is among the major deterrents to growth. Plants display a range of mechanisms to withstand drought stress. The major mechanisms include curtailed water loss by increased diffusive resistance, enhanced water uptake with prolific and deep root systems and its efficient use, and smaller and succulent leaves to reduce the transpirational loss. Among the nutrients, potassium ions help in osmotic adjustment; silicon increases root endodermal silicification and improves the cell water balance. Low-molecular-weight osmolytes, including glycinebetaine, proline and other amino acids, organic acids, and polyols, are crucial to sustain cellular functions under drought. Plant growth substances such as salicylic acid, auxins, gibberrellins, cytokinin and abscisic acid modulate the plant responses towards drought. Polyamines, citrulline and several enzymes act as antioxidants and reduce the adverse effects of water deficit. At molecular levels several drought-responsive genes and transcription factors have been identified, such as the dehydration-responsive element-binding gene, aquaporin, late embryogenesis abundant proteins and dehydrins. Plant drought tolerance can be managed by adopting strategies such as mass screening and breeding, marker-assisted selection and exogenous application of hormones and osmoprotectants to seed or growing plants, as well as engineering for drought resistance. drought response / stomatal oscillation / osmoprotectants / hormones / stress proteins / drought management / CO 2

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“…Decreases of C i during the early phases of water stress have been reported for maize (Lal and Edwards 1996), sugarcane (Du et al 1996) and Setaria sphacelata (Marques da Silva and Arrabaça 2004a). Sharkey et al (1990) argued that increased C i is an artefact due to patchy stomatal closure.…”

Section: Gas-exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthesis by six Portuguese maize cultivars during drought stress and recovery

2010

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Photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf water parameters were measured in six Portuguese maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars during and following a period of drought stress. The leaf relative water content (RWC) responded differently among cultivars but, except for cultivar PB369, recovered close to initial values after watering was restored.Photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance decreased with drought but more slowly in cultivars PB269 and PB260 than in cultivars AD3R, PB64, PB304 and PB369. Water use efficiency (WUE) decreased during the water stress treatment although with cultivar PB260 the decrease was marked only when the RWC fell below 40%. Recovery of WUE was seen with all cultivars except PB369. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, the photochemical quenching coefficient, the electron transport rate in PSII and the estimated functional plastoquinone pool tended to decrease with drought, while the non-photochemical quenching coefficient increased. The parameters estimated from chlorophyll fluorescence did not recover in PB369, during re-watering. The results show that PB260 and PB269 were the most tolerant and PB369 was the least tolerant cultivars to water stress. The variation found amongst the cultivars tested suggests the existence of valuable genetic resources for crop improvement in relation to drought tolerance.Keywords: maize, drought, recovery, Chl a fluorescence, gas-exchange Abbreviations: A, photosynthetic rate; C i , intercellular CO 2 partial pressure; Chl, chlorophyll; d.f., degrees of freedom; E, transpiration rate; ETR, electron transport rate on PSII; F v /F m , maximum quantum efficiency of PSII; g s , stomatal conductance; IRGA, infrared gas analysis; PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density; PSI (II), photosystem I (II); PQ, plastoquinone; qN, non-photochemical quenching coefficient; qP, photochemical quenching coefficient; RH, relative humidity; RWC, leaf relative water content; S m , estimated functional plastoquinone pool; WUE, water use efficiency.

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Effects of Water Stress on Carbon Exchange Rate and Activities of Photosynthetic Enzymes in Leaves of Sugarcane (Saccharum Sp.)

Cited by 87 publications

References 19 publications

Baixa temperatura noturna e deficiência hídrica na fotossíntese de cana‑de‑açúcar

Baixa temperatura noturna e deficiência hídrica na fotossíntese de cana‑de‑açúcar

Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management

Photosynthesis by six Portuguese maize cultivars during drought stress and recovery

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