Effects of Weed Control and Irrigation on the Growth of Young Pecans

Patterson, Michael G.; Wehtje, Glenn; Goff, William D.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00026609

Cited by 22 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Vegetative groundcover surrounding trees competes for nutrients (Bould and Jarrett, 1962;Goff et al, 1991;Smith et al, 1959;Worley and Carter, 1972) and water (Patterson et al, 1990;Ware and Johnson, 1958), and in some instances may be allelopathic (Friedman and Horowitz, 1970;Meissner et al, 1989;Menges, 1987;Smith et al, 2001;Wolf and Smith, 1999). Tree growth during orchard establishment can be increased by maintaining a vegetation-free area surrounding the tree (Foshee et al, 1995;Patterson et al, 1990;Patterson and Goff, 1994;Smith et al, 2002;Wolf and Smith, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Size of Vegetation Free Area Affects Nonbearing Pecan Tree Growth

Smith¹,

Cheary²,

Carroll³

2005

HortSci

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Newly planted pecan (Carya illinoinensis Wangenh. C. Koch cv. Kanza) trees were grown for 5 years in a bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] sod with vegetation-free circles 0, 0.91, 1.83, 3.66, or 7.32 m in diameter. Trees were irrigated and fertilized to minimize growth differences associated with competition from the bermudagrass. There were no differences in trunk diameter among treatments the first 2 years of the study. During the next 3 years, trunk diameter increased curvilinearly as the vegetation-free circle increased. A vegetation-free circle diameter of 1.83 m produced near maximum tree growth. Although trunk diameter improved slightly as the vegetation-free diameter was increased up to 7.32 m, it was not sufficient to justify the additional expense for herbicides nor exposure of unprotected soil to erosion.

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confidence: 99%

Size of Vegetation Free Area Affects Nonbearing Pecan Tree Growth

Smith¹,

Cheary²,

Carroll³

2005

HortSci

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“…Many studies demonstrated substantial tree growth and yield reductions associated with floor vegetation of young pecan orchards in the humid southeastern United States (Faircloth et al, 2007;Foshee et al, 1995;Patterson and Goff, 1994;Patterson et al, 1988Patterson et al, , 1990Smith, 2011;Smith et al, 2002Smith et al, , 2005. In Patterson and Goff's 1994 study that examined newly planted trees for 8 consecutive years, trees subjected to total chemical vegetation control produced over five times more pecans in the last 3 years of the study than trees competing with vegetation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mature Pecan Orchard Floor Vegetation Management: Impacts on Tree Water Status, Nutrient Content, and Nut Production

Potter¹,

Heerema²,

Schroeder³

et al. 2012

horts

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Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] growers are advised to control orchard floor vegetation when establishing new orchards, but there is not a set recommendation for vegetation control in mature orchards. The objective of this study was to measure the effect of orchard floor vegetation on water and nitrogen (N) status of flood-irrigated mature pecan trees. Four treatments studied were: completely vegetated orchard floor, vegetation-free inner area directly under the tree canopy with vegetation in the outer area, completely vegetation-free, and vegetated inner area under the canopy with a vegetation-free outer area. Treatments were organized as a 2 × 2 factorial structure with inner and outer treatment factors, both with levels vegetated and vegetation-free. Soil moisture and tree midday stem water potential (MSWP) were measured during irrigation cycles to evaluate the development of water stress in the pecan trees. Soil moisture data showed a significant outer main effect when the soil in the entire orchard was the driest, that is, just before irrigation events. Areas with vegetation cover that were exposed to full sun were significantly drier than shaded vegetated areas and vegetation-free areas in the orchard floor. However, this was not correlated with differences in tree water status as indicated by MSWP. Leaf tissue and soil analyses showed no significant differences in N concentrations among treatments in either year. Treatments with orchard floor vegetation in the outer area had significantly higher yield efficiency and marginally significant improvements in percent kernel fill and number of nuts per kilogram. Our findings suggest that there may be more benefits to maintaining orchard floor vegetation in mature orchards than were previously acknowledged.

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“…Cultural practices that promote tree growth and vigor during the establishment phase are desirable for increasing tree fruiting surface. Numerous studies have examined the effects of planting practices, fertilizer, mulching, weed competition, and irrigation on growth of young pecan trees (Conner, 2007;Foshee et al, 1996Foshee et al, , 1997Patterson et al, 1990;Smith et al, 2000Smith et al, , 2005Smith and Wolf, 2001;Wood, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

Influence of Aldicarb on Growth and Fruiting of Pecan Transplants

Wells¹

2010

hortte

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This study was established to assess the effect of aldicarb on newly transplanted pecan (Carya illinoinensis) nursery trees. Although labeled for use on pecans for more than 25 years, the aldicarb label for pecans was voluntarily dropped by the manufacturer in 2010. Bare-root seedling, ‘Cape Fear’, ‘Sumner’, and ‘Elliott’ trees were planted in Feb. 2007. Ten trees each were treated with one of the following treatments: aldicarb (0.25 lb at budbreak), aldicarb (0.25 lb applied at budbreak and again in June for a total of 0.5 lb/tree), and a nontreated control. Aldicarb increased shoot length, trunk diameter, leaf chlorophyll index, total dry weight, stem dry weight, and root dry weight of pecan seedlings after 1 year's growth. Aldicarb increased trunk diameter of ‘Cape Fear’, ‘Sumner’, and ‘Elliott’ during the course of the study. Nut production of ‘Cape Fear’ was enhanced in the third year of production. These observations indicate that aldicarb is of value in pecan orchard establishment.

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Effects of Weed Control and Irrigation on the Growth of Young Pecans

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Size of Vegetation Free Area Affects Nonbearing Pecan Tree Growth

Size of Vegetation Free Area Affects Nonbearing Pecan Tree Growth

Mature Pecan Orchard Floor Vegetation Management: Impacts on Tree Water Status, Nutrient Content, and Nut Production

Influence of Aldicarb on Growth and Fruiting of Pecan Transplants

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