Effects of weight loss and exercise on chemerin serum concentrations and adipose tissue expression in human obesity

Chakaroun, Rima; Raschpichler, Matthias; Klöting, Nora; Oberbach, Andreas; Flehmig, Gesine; Kern, Matthias; Schön, Michael P.; Shang, E.; Lohmann, Tobias; Dreßler, Miriam; Faßhauer, Mathias; Stümvoll, Michael; Blüher, Matthias

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2011.10.008

Cited by 203 publications

(237 citation statements)

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“…Circulating chemerin levels are known to be associated with obesity in humans (11,15,26,27,28,29). In this study, hepatic chemerin mRNA expression was found to be significantly associated with BMI (R 2 Z0.296; PZ0.039), waist circumference (R 2 Z0.397; PZ0.005), and body fat percentage (R 2 Z0.378; PZ0.008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…adipocytokines (8), and is known to be expressed in the WAT of mice, Psammomys obesus, and humans (9,10,11,12,13,14,15). Chemerin exerts its effects at least in part (16,17) via the orphan G-proteincoupled receptor chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several human studies have investigated the association between chemerin levels in the serum and different metabolic disorders (24): obese subjects (BMI O30 kg/m 2 ) have higher plasma chemerin levels than normal-weight subjects (BMI !25 kg/m 2 ) (11,27), and pronounced weight loss after gastric bypass surgery has been reported to decrease serum chemerin levels (15,28,29). An association of circulating chemerin levels with the markers of NAFLD has also been highlighted, but the results have been inconsistent in terms of some of the investigated histological features (28,30,31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated hepatic chemerin mRNA expression in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Birkenfeld

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

118

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Objective: Adipose tissue-derived factors link non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with obesity, which has also been reported for circulating chemerin. On the other hand, hepatic chemerin and chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) mRNA expression has not yet been studied in an extensively characterized patient collective. Design: This study was cross-sectional and experimental in design. Methods: Liver tissue samples were harvested from 47 subjects and histologically examined according to the NAFLD activity score (NAS). The concentrations of chemerin and CMKLR1 were measured using semi-quantitative real-time PCR, and the concentration of serum chemerin was measured using ELISA. To evaluate potential effects of chemerin and CMKLR1, cultured primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) were exposed to selected metabolites known to play a role in NAFLD (insulin, glucagon, palmitoic acid, and interleukin-6 (IL6)). Results: Chemerin and CMKLR1 mRNA levels were elevated in the human liver. Their expression was correlated with the NAS (R 2 Z0.543; P!0.001 and R 2 Z0.355; PZ0.014 respectively) and was significantly elevated in patients with definite non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (P!0.05 respectively). Linear regression analysis confirmed an independent association of liver fibrosis, steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte ballooning with hepatic chemerin mRNA expression (P!0.05 respectively). The expression of hepatic chemerin and CMKLR1 was correlated with the measures of obesity (P!0.05). The incubation of PHHs with IL6 significantly increased the expression of CMKLR1 mRNA (PZ0.027), while that of chemerin remained unaffected (PO0.05). None of the other metabolites showed an influence (PO0.05). Conclusion: This is the first study to show that chemerin mRNA expression is significantly elevated in the liver of NASH patients and that CMKLR1 expression is upregulated in liver inflammation, whereby IL6 could play a causal role.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated hepatic chemerin mRNA expression in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Döcke

Lock

Birkenfeld

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

118

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“…More recently, infusion of chemerin into the mouse modestly elevated blood pressure (20), and chemerin has been suggested to reduce nitric oxide signaling in the rat aorta (29). Understanding the functions of chemerin is important, because circulating levels of chemerin can be reduced and health can be improved through a number of interventions that include bariatric surgery and exercise (7,22,24,28,30,34,39,44). Other pathologies, such as arterial stiffness (54) syndrome (15,18), have been associated with elevated chemerin levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adipokine chemerin amplifies electrical field-stimulated contraction in the isolated rat superior mesenteric artery

Darios

Winner

Charvat

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Darios ES, Winner BM, Charvat T, Krasinksi A, Punna S, Watts SW. The adipokine chemerin amplifies electrical field-stimulated contraction in the isolated rat superior mesenteric artery. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 311: H498 -H507, 2016. First published July 1, 2016; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00998.2015.-The adipokine chemerin causes arterial contraction and is implicated in blood pressure regulation, especially in obese subjects with elevated levels of circulating chemerin. Because chemerin is expressed in the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) that surrounds the sympathetic innervation of the blood vessel, we tested the hypothesis that chemerin (endogenous and exogenous) amplifies the sympathetic nervous system in mediating electrical field-stimulated (EFS) contraction. The superior mesenteric artery, with or without PVAT and with endothelium and sympathetic nerve intact, was mounted into isolated tissue baths and used for isometric contraction and stimulation. Immunohistochemistry validated a robust expression of chemerin in the PVAT surrounding the superior mesenteric artery. EFS (0.3-20 Hz) caused a frequency-dependent contraction in isolated arteries that was reduced by the chemerin receptor ChemR23 antagonist CCX832 alone (100 nM; with, but not without, PVAT), but not by the inactive congener CCX826 (100 nM). Exogenous chemerin-9 (1 M)-amplified EFSinduced contraction in arteries (with and without PVAT) was blocked by CCX832 and the ␣-adrenergic receptor antagonist prazosin. CCX832 did not directly inhibit, nor did chemerin directly amplify, norepinephrine-induced contraction. Whole mount immunohistochemical experiments support colocalization of ChemR23 with the sympathetic nerve marker tyrosine hydroxylase in superior mesenteric PVAT and, to a lesser extent, in arteries and veins. These studies support the idea that exogenous chemerin modifies sympathetic nervemediated contraction through ChemR23 and that ChemR23 may be endogenously activated. This is significant because of the wellappreciated role of the sympathetic nervous system in blood pressure control. BECAUSE OF ITS LOCATION, the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) has the potential to affect the function of the blood vessels it encases. This can occur by secretion of adipokines that directly affect vascular tone, such as the relaxant adiponectin (25). We recently discovered the protein chemerin in PVAT and demonstrated that a shorter chemerin agonist, chemerin-9, caused direct arterial contraction through activation of the best-characterized chemerin receptor, ChemR23 (3,8,27,33,38,48). Chemerin is secreted from the liver and fat depots (10), functioning as an adipokine that regulates adipogenesis (12,31,32) and as an activator of inflammatory cells (13,50,52). Circulating levels of chemerin are positively associated with body mass index (1,4,9,16,36,37,40). Because of our long-term interest in understanding whether chemerin could play a role in obesity-associated hypertension, we turned our attention to a means by which arterial function could be m...

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“…CD68 mRNA in obese patients is higher than in normal people, and it has been proven that there is a correlation between YKL-40 and CR68 mRNA levels. Therefore, we can speculate that YKL-40 is involved in immune and inflammatory responses in adipocytes (El-Mesallamy et al, 2011;Chakaroun et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between serum YKL-40 levels and albuminuria in type 2 diabetes

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. We explored the correlation between serum YKL-40 levels and albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its clinical significance. This study used a cross-sectional survey method. According to the American Diabetes Association 2007 Clinical Practice Recommendations, 738 patients with T2DM were divided into three groups: a normoalbuminuria group [albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) <30 μg/mg, N = 360], a microalbuminuria group (ACR 30-300 μg/mg, N = 246), and a macroalbuminuria group (ACR ≥ 300 μg/mg, N = 332). The serum YKL-40 levels were determined by a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in all the cases and in 210 control subjects. Serum YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in the T2DM group vs the control group (P < 0.05), the macroalbuminuria group vs the microalbuminuria group (P < 0.05), and the microalbuminuria group vs the normoalbuminuria group (P < 0.05). Serum YKL-40 levels correlated with ACR in all 18597 Correlation between YKL-40 and albuminuria in T2DM ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 18596-18603 (2015) participants. Significant correlation of YKL-40 was found with ACR, 2-h plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index, systolic blood pressure, duration, diastolic blood pressure, age, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r-values: 0.713, 0.524, 0.515, 0.467, 0.438, 0.409, 0.407, 0.374, 0.112, 0.097, and -0.123, respectively). ACR correlated with serum YKL-40 levels (Beta = 0.555, P < 0.001). YKL-40 may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy and would be useful as a new marker for the disease.

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Effects of weight loss and exercise on chemerin serum concentrations and adipose tissue expression in human obesity

Cited by 203 publications

References 25 publications

Elevated hepatic chemerin mRNA expression in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Elevated hepatic chemerin mRNA expression in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

The adipokine chemerin amplifies electrical field-stimulated contraction in the isolated rat superior mesenteric artery

Correlation between serum YKL-40 levels and albuminuria in type 2 diabetes

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