Effects of Weight Loss on Acoustic Parameters After Bariatric Surgery

Souza, Lourdes Bernadete Rocha de; Santos, Marquiony Marques dos; Pernambuco, Leandro de Araújo; Godoy, Cynthia Meira de Almeida; Lima, Deysianne Meire da Silva

doi:10.1007/s11695-017-3018-6

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, our findings also suggested a small increase in MPT after the surgery, possibly requiring a longer postoperative period or even greater weight loss for the MPT to improve significantly. A previous study showed that it was possible to see improvements in MPT eight months after the surgery [15]. In our study, patients of group D showed an increase in the MPT of the vowel /A/ after the surgery and in group B an almost significant positive relation between percentage of weight loss and MPT for /A/ and /I/.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…ese investigations included a small number of individuals, less than ten, but use adequate methodology to evaluate voice. On the other hand, two studies reported an increase in MPT and in fundamental frequency eight months after surgery [11,15]. ese investigations included a larger number of obese patients (more than twenty), but of women only, which differs from our study group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…ere is a controversy about what happens to the MPT after surgical treatment of obesity and consequent weight loss. While some studies have shown increased MPT after surgery [11,15], others have shown no alteration [16,17]. Our hypothesis was that (a) obesity decreases MPT, which is improved after surgical treatment of obesity; (b) there is a correlation of the duration of MPT with weight, body mass index (BMI), and neck circumference; and (c) obesity causes abnormalities in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximum Phonation Time in People with Obesity Not Submitted or Submitted to Bariatric Surgery

2019

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Background. Our aim in this investigation was to evaluate maximum phonation time in people with obesity not submitted to surgery and in people with obesity submitted to bariatric surgery and compare it with maximum phonation time of healthy volunteers. The hypothesis was that the reduced maximum phonation time in people with obesity would be corrected after surgery due to weight loss. Method. Maximum phonation time was evaluated in 52 class III patients (Group A), 62 class III patients who were treated by surgery 3 to 115 months before (Group B), 20 controls (Group C), and 15 class III patients whose maximum phonation time was evaluated before and two to six months after surgery (Group D). Maximum phonation time was measured in the sitting position with the vowels /A/, /I/, and /U/. Results. Maximal phonation time was shorter in groups A and B compared with that of controls. There was an increase in maximal phonation time after surgery (Group B); however, the difference was not significant when compared with that in group A. In group D, maximal phonation time for /A/ increased after the surgery. In group A, there was a negative correlation between maximal phonation time and weight or body mass index and a positive correlation between maximal phonation time and height. In group B, there was an almost significant positive relation between percentage of weight loss and maximal phonation time for /A/ (p=0.08) and /I/ (p=0.07). Mean values of spirometry testing (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) in people with obesity (groups A and B), expressed as percentage of the predicted value, were within the normal range. Conclusion. Compared with healthy controls, maximal phonation time is shorter in people with obesity, with a tendency to increase after bariatric surgery, as a possible consequence of weight loss.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maximum Phonation Time in People with Obesity Not Submitted or Submitted to Bariatric Surgery

2019

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“…Although these findings are interesting, the studies suffer generally from a sample size that is either not sufficiently large or sufficiently diverse to generalize across the entire human population. For example, the study by Pawelec et al (2020) includes only young men, aged 18–33 from two cities in Poland, showing a lack of diversity; that by Evans et al (2006) includes only heterosexual, English-speaking men, again showing a lack of diversity; and that by de Souza et al (2018) involved only 25 morbidly obese participants. Additionally, while there may be average differences in voice types affected by certain biological factors, there is a lot of individual variability, and it should be more important to find a person’s healthy vocal Fach than to make them conform to what the average “should” be.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual biases in evaluation of speakers’ and singers’ voice type by cis and trans listeners

2023

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IntroductionA singer’s or speaker’s Fach (voice type) should be appraised based on acoustic cues characterizing their voice. Instead, in practice, it is often influenced by the individual’s physical appearance. This is especially distressful for transgender people who may be excluded from formal singing because of perceived mismatch between their voice and appearance. To eventually break down these visual biases, we need a better understanding of the conditions under which they occur. Specifically, we hypothesized that trans listeners (not actors) would be better able to resist such biases, relative to cis listeners, precisely because they would be more aware of appearance-voice dissociations.MethodsIn an online study, 85 cisgender and 81 transgender participants were presented with 18 different actors singing or speaking short sentences. These actors covered six voice categories from high/bright (traditionally feminine) to low/dark (traditionally masculine) voices: namely soprano, mezzo-soprano (referred to henceforth as mezzo), contralto (referred to henceforth as alto), tenor, baritone, and bass. Every participant provided voice type ratings for (1) Audio-only (A) stimuli to get an unbiased estimate of a given actor’s voice type, (2) Video-only (V) stimuli to get an estimate of the strength of the bias itself, and (3) combined Audio-Visual (AV) stimuli to see how much visual cues would affect the evaluation of the audio.ResultsResults demonstrated that visual biases are not subtle and hold across the entire scale, shifting voice appraisal by about a third of the distance between adjacent voice types (for example, a third of the bass-to-baritone distance). This shift was 30% smaller for trans than for cis listeners, confirming our main hypothesis. This pattern was largely similar whether actors sung or spoke, though singing overall led to more feminine/high/bright ratings.ConclusionThis study is one of the first demonstrations that transgender listeners are in fact better judges of a singer’s or speaker’s voice type because they are better able to separate the actors’ voice from their appearance, a finding that opens exciting avenues to fight more generally against implicit (or sometimes explicit) biases in voice appraisal.

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Long-term systemic effects of metabolic bariatric surgery: A multidisciplinary perspective

Rajabi,

Rezaei,

Abdollahi

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Effects of Weight Loss on Acoustic Parameters After Bariatric Surgery

Abstract: Obese individuals with post-surgery weight loss may present neck circumference, fundamental frequency, and maximum phonation time values closer to the mean values of normal weight individuals. In this study, weight loss was sufficient to adjust the acoustic parameter measurements.

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Maximum Phonation Time in People with Obesity Not Submitted or Submitted to Bariatric Surgery

Maximum Phonation Time in People with Obesity Not Submitted or Submitted to Bariatric Surgery

Visual biases in evaluation of speakers’ and singers’ voice type by cis and trans listeners

Long-term systemic effects of metabolic bariatric surgery: A multidisciplinary perspective

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