Effects of Whole Brown Bean and Its Isolated Fiber Fraction on Plasma Lipid Profile, Atherosclerosis, Gut Microbiota, and Microbiota-Dependent Metabolites in Apoe−/− Mice

Abstract

The health benefits of bean consumption are widely recognized and are largely attributed to the dietary fiber content. This study investigated and compared the effects of whole brown beans and an isolated bean dietary fiber fraction on the plasma lipid profile, atherosclerotic plaque amount, gut microbiota, and microbiota-dependent metabolites (cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and plasma methylamines) in Apoe−/− mice fed high fat diets for 10.5 weeks. The results showed that both whole bean and the isolated fiber fraction had a tendency to lower atherosclerotic plaque amount, but not plasma lipid concentration. The whole bean diet led to a significantly higher diversity of gut microbiota compared with the high fat diet. Both bean diets resulted in a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, higher relative abundance of unclassified S24-7, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, and unclassified Clostridiales, and lower abundance of Lactobacillus. Both bean diets resulted in higher formation of all cecal SCFAs (higher proportion of propionic acid and lower proportion of acetic acid) and higher plasma trimethylamine N-oxide concentrations compared with the high fat diet. Whole beans and the isolated fiber fraction exerted similar positive effects on atherosclerotic plaque amount, gut microbiota, and cecal SCFAs in Apoe−/− mice compared with the control diets.

Anti-Aging Effect of Dietary Fiber Compound Mediated by Guangxi Longevity Dietary Pattern on Natural Aging Mice

“…The expression of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was significantly increased after CDFC intervention. Legume dietary fiber was reported to increase the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium in the feces of mice [ 49 ]. The intake of dextran resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in Bacteroides and an increase in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium [ 50 ].…”

Non-starch polysaccharides from kidney beans: comprehensive insight into their extraction, structure and physicochemical and nutritional properties

“…100 For example, kidney bean NSPs (33.60 g kg −1 mice weight) could increase the relative abundance of the Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla in the intestine of mice, while the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes decreased, promoting the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (Table 6). 101 A similar study also showed that red kidney bean NSPs (1% w/v, NSPs/medium) significantly pro-moted beneficial intestinal flora, especially Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and increased the concentration of SCFAs, while inhibiting the formation of E. coli biofilm by 79%. 17 The differences in the growth performance between beneficial and enteric bacteria by kidney bean NSPs may rely on the production of glycolytic enzymes.…”

Strain-Specific Benefits of Bacillus on Growth, Intestinal Health, Immune Modulation, and Ammonia-Nitrogen Stress Resilience in Hybrid Grouper

“…In response to these challenges and the increasing demand for high-quality marine products, it is imperative to develop sustainable health management strategies for aquaculture [ 14 ]. These strategies should not only focus on growth performance but also provide effective solutions for environmental stressors, such as ammonia-nitrogen stress [ 15 ], thereby making significant contributions to global food security. With projections indicating a more intensive form of aquaculture by 2050, widespread concerns have arisen regarding the immune capabilities of aquatic animals and their resilience to environmental stressors [ 16 , 17 ].…”