Effects of xylazine on the stress response to transport in male goats

Sanhouri, A.A.; Jones, R. S.; Dobson, H.

doi:10.1016/0007-1935(92)90103-8

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These observations indicate that the animal was thought to be in a startle reaction8) with fear and anxiety to unfamiliar treatments and environment mediated by sensory-psychological pathway. This view is supported by SANHOURI et al 20,21) who successfully blocked the rises of plasma cortisol and glucose in 20min and 2h transport experiments by administration of pentobarbitone (anesthetic) and xylazine (alpha blacker) and the possible participation of sensory-psychological mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Initiation of the Simulate and Real Transportation Stress in the Goat

Nwe¹,

Tsukahara²,

Manda³

et al. 1994

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To elucidate a possibility of the participation of sensory-psychological pathway to respond to the stressors at the starting phase of transportation, a swing model experiment and real transportation were conducted using three naive male Tokara goats with indwelling catheters installed in jugular and femoral veins. With the swing model experiment, the caged goat was exposed to 6 repetitions of a module of 15min constituting 10min of irregular and intense movements and 5min of regular movement.With the real transportation the caged animal was loaded on a truck and journeyed along the highway for 3h. During the swing movement, the experimental animal showed scrambling and nervous behaviors.Immediately from the beginning of the first module of the swing, an acute and transitory tachycardia associated with the irregular and intense movements were observed.In contrast to heart rate, respiration rate did not show any association with the swing movements but with the lapse of time of swing treatment.At 30min from the beginning, plasma concentrations of cortisol and glucose had elevated sharply to 4 and 3 times higher than basic values, respectively.At the end of swing, cortisol showed 5 times higher than the basic value and glucose 4 times as high. They returned to the basic values 3h after the termination of the swing movement.The number of eosinophils was decreased by the swing and showed the minimum at 4.5h from the beginning of the swing and then returned to the basic value 12h after the termination of the swing movement except one animal out of the three. The total number of white blood cells gradually increased from the beginning of the swing and reached the two peaks after 3h and 12h from the end of the swing movement.Though the magnitude and duration of the responses were more remarkable during the truck transportation, plasma concentrations of cortisol and glucose showed essentially the same responses as in the swing model experiment.The decrease in the number of eosinophils was observed in two goats out of three from the beginning of the truck journey and then returned to the basic value 15h after the termination of the truck journey. The total number of white blood cells increased from the beginning of the transportation and showed the peak at 2h from the beginning.The timing of rises of plasma cortisol, glucose and the total number of white blood cells, and decrease in the number of eosinophils was synchronized closely at the beginning of the experiments and these responses were able to be identified in both the swing model and real transportation.The behavioral, cortisol and hematological responses at the beginning of the present experiments suggest that the animal was thought to be in a startle reaction with fear and anxiety to the unfamiliar treatments and environment, indicating the participation of sensorypsychological pathway.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Initiation of the Simulate and Real Transportation Stress in the Goat

Nwe¹,

Tsukahara²,

Manda³

et al. 1994

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both drugs induced metabolic alkalosis and decreased the haematocrit (Brearley et al 1990). Cortisol concentrations were suppressed by xylazine treatment when administered before a 20-min van journey, and for approximately 60 min when given 20 min after the start of a 2-h journey (Sanhouri et al 1992). Xylazine pre-treatment did not alter the cortisol response to corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF), suggesting that xylazine must act centrally above pituitary level when blocking the cortisol response to transport.…”

Section: Drugs Used In Stressed Domestic Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to goats subjected to transport stress was effective in blocking resting and stimulated plasma cortisol release and hyperglycaemia, and in antagonising the increase in respiratory and heart rates induced by the stress. Previously, variable results of the effect of pentobarbitone on surgery or drug-induced corticoid increases were reported in laboratory animals (see Sanhouri et al 1991aSanhouri et al , 1992 and references therein).…”

Section: Cns Depressants (Barbiturates)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because it was thought that some types of stressful stimuli might involve the adrenergic system, the effects of some alpha 2 adrenergic agonists have been studied. These include xylazine in cows and goats subjected to transport stress (Brearley et al 1990;Sanhouri et al 1992) and in turkey poults subjected to immobilisation stress (Ali et al 1987). In the study of Sanhouri et al (1992) in goats subjected to transportation stress, xylazine (0.01 mg .…”

Section: Drugs Used In Stressed Domestic Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include xylazine in cows and goats subjected to transport stress (Brearley et al 1990;Sanhouri et al 1992) and in turkey poults subjected to immobilisation stress (Ali et al 1987). In the study of Sanhouri et al (1992) in goats subjected to transportation stress, xylazine (0.01 mg . kg -1 ) suppressed resting plasma cortisol concentration, increased blood glucose level and suppressed respiratory and heart rates.…”

Section: Drugs Used In Stressed Domestic Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations