Effects of yeast hydrolysate supplementation on intestinal morphology, barrier, and anti-inflammatory functions of broilers

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast hydrolysate (YH) supplementation on intestinal morphology, barrier and anti-inflammatory functions of broilers. Methods:A total of 320 one day old male broilers were randomly allocated into four groups with eight replicates of ten broilers each. The broilers were supplemented with a basal diet (the control group) or basal diets adding 50, 100, 150 mg/kg YH, respectively. This trial lasted for 42 days. The orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used to determine the linear and quadratic effects of increasing levels of YH.Results: Supplementing YH improved growth performance by enhancing body weight gain but decrease feed-to-gain ratio in our previous research. In this study, compared with the control group, dietary YH addition linearly and quadratically decreased serum diamine oxidase (DAO) activity (p < 0.05). Additionally, supplementing YH linearly and/or quadratically decreased jejunal crypt depth (CD), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration as well as mucin 2 (MUC2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, TNF-α, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) gene expression levels (p < 0.05). Whereas, the jejunal villus height (VH), VH/CD, IL-10 concentration as well as zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and IL-10 gene expression levels were linearly and/or quadratically increased by YH supplementation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Dietary YH supplementation improved intestinal morphology, barrier and anti- A c c e p t e dA r t i c l e 3 inflammatory functions whereas decreased intestinal permeability of broilers, which might be related with altering pertinent genes expression. This study could provide evidence of applying YH as a promising feed additive for broilers.

Effectiveness of probiotics and clove essential oils in improving growth performance, immuno-antioxidant status, ileum morphometric, and microbial community structure for heat-stressed broilers

“…Similar to our findings, serum TNF- α concentration decreased in broilers fed probiotic supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis during HS 57 . Consistent with our results, dietary yeast hydrolysate supplementation decreased serum TNF-α concentrations and increased IL-10 58 , 59 . In addition, Ocaña and Reglero 60 emphasized that thyme oil extracts resulted in an overall reduction of proinflammatory cytokines release, TNFα, IL1β, and IL-6.…”

Dietary Kluyveromyces marxianus hydrolysate alters humoral immunity, jejunal morphology, cecal microbiota and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens raised under a high stocking density

“…Furthermore, dietary yeast cell walls reduced mortality in immunocompromised broilers ( Zhang et al, 2012 ) and in broilers challenged with necrotic enteritis and aflatoxin B1 ( Liu et al, 2018 ). Nonetheless, other workers reported no impact of HY on the mortality of unstressed broilers ( Sampath et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2022 ). Regardless of diet, the overall mortality in this study was < 5%.…”

“…A decrease in crypt depth in broilers generally denotes improved gut health and reduced cell turnover in the intestinal lining ( Nguyen et al, 2021 ). Shallower crypts indicate that there is less need for rapid regeneration of the intestinal epithelium ( Wang et al, 2022 ; Lin et al, 2023 ). Lower crypt depth often correlates with taller villi.…”

Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, cecal mucosal cytokines and serum antioxidant responses of broiler chickens to dietary enzymatically treated yeast and coccidia challenge

“…A cascade of events after a pathogenic invasion can increase IL-6 , TNFα , IL-10 , and IL-1β levels, as seen in the current study [ 34 , 35 ]. A tendency for dietary ETY to reduce cecal IL-1β expression and increase OCLN expression may be attributed to the anti-inflammatory and barrier-protecting properties of yeast β-glucans and mannans [ 36 , 37 ]. However, ETY did not affect CLDN1 expression.…”