Effects of Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) Probiotics Supplementation on Bone Quality Characteristics in Young Japanese Quail (Coturnix Japonica): The Role of Sex on the Action of the Gut-Bone Axis

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in bone geometry, histological structure, and selected mechanical characteristics in young male and female Japanese quails supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Quails were fed a basal diet containing no yeast or a basal diet supplemented with 1.5% (15 g per 1 kg of diet) of inactive S. cerevisiae, for a period of 42 days. S. cerevisiae inclusion had no effect on bone weight, length, and density, diaphysis geometry (cross-sectional area, wall thickness, moment of inertia) or on the mechanical strength (yield load, ultimate load, stiffness, Young’s modulus, yield stress, ultimate stress). Yeast supplementation improved the morphology of the articular cartilage both in male and female quails, as the total thickness of the articular cartilage was significantly increased. In trabecular bone, an increase in real bone volume and trabecular thickness was observed in females supplemented with S. cerevisiae, while in males the increase in trabecular number was accompanied by a reduction in trabecular thickness. The results of the present study demonstrate that S. cerevisiae, through a sex-dependent action on the gut-bone axis, improved the structure of articular cartilage and microarchitecture of trabecular bone. The positive effects of S. cerevisiae supplementation were more evident in female quails.

The Effect of Supplementation with β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyric Acid (HMB) to Pregnant Sows on the Mucosal Structure, Immunolocalization of Intestinal Barrier Proteins, VIP and Leptin in the Large Intestine in their Offspring

“…The relationship between the decrease in colonic myenteron thickness and colonic function was not investigated in the current study. It may be surmised that there could have been difficulties observed with regards to colonic movement, but (1) it was not investigated and ( 2) it has been shown that maternal HMB treatment has a beneficial effect on general and skeletal development of newborns and weaned piglets through its anabolic action and ( 3) it has been proven that the gut-bone axis exists, thus bone development is dependent on gut function (Tomaszewska et al, 2018Muszyński et al, 2020). Moreover, diarrhea or other intestinal disorders were not observed in the piglets from birth until weaning.…”

Changes in the Intestinal Histomorphometry, the Expression of Intestinal Tight Junction Proteins, and the Bone Structure and Liver of Pre-Laying Hens Following Oral Administration of Fumonisins for 21 Days

“…It was shown that changes in GIT function are linked with changes in bone homeostasis and bone properties [14,45]. Changes in the structure of the intestinal mucosa results in changes in digestive and absorptive processes within the intestine, which in turn influence general metabolism, including that of bone tissue.…”