Effects of Yoga on Attention, Impulsivity, and Hyperactivity in Preschool-Aged Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms

Cohen, Samantha C L; Harvey, Danielle; Shields, Rebecca; Shields, Grant S.; Rashedi, Roxanne N.; Tancredi, Daniel J.; Angkustsiri, Kathleen; Hansen, Robin; Schweitzer, Julie B.

doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000552

Cited by 48 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The results demonstrate that children participating in the yoga program, in comparison to the PE and CG, improved their skills related to cognitive functions, measured by the subtests of NEPSY (Korkman et al, 1998) and NEPSY-II (Korkman et al, 2007), as well as their behavior in respect to inattention and hyperactivity, evaluated by the ADHD Rating Scale-IV (DuPaul et al, 1998). The amelioration of attention with the help of yoga in the present study is in line with previous results demonstrating that sensorimotor training enhances attention in children with (Banaschewski et al, 2001; Cohen et al, 2018) and without ADHD (Mak et al, 2018). Our results are also coherent with previous studies reporting that school-based prevention programs focusing on yoga or sensorimotor training for young children can reduce deficits in attention and improve academic performance (Paour and Cèbes, 2001; Chevalier and Simard, 2006; Krisanaprakornkit et al, 2010; Gothe et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our results are also coherent with previous studies reporting that school-based prevention programs focusing on yoga or sensorimotor training for young children can reduce deficits in attention and improve academic performance (Paour and Cèbes, 2001; Chevalier and Simard, 2006; Krisanaprakornkit et al, 2010; Gothe et al, 2013). In addition, our results support findings of previous research demonstrating that yoga practice decreases ADHD symptoms in preschool children (Cohen et al, 2018). Although, no manifest ADHD diagnosis (e.g., from a clinician, psychologist, or pediatrician) was evident for participants of the present study, many participants showed symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity at T 0 (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Yoga is suggested to be an effective sensory-motor training for children to reduce behavioral and emotional problems and improve cognitive functions which might have a positive impact on academic performance (Chaya et al, 2012; Chou and Huang, 2017; Bazzano et al, 2018; Cohen et al, 2018). Recent studies demonstrated that yoga is one intervention with the potential to increase attention and academic performance in children (Chaya et al, 2012; Khalsa et al, 2012; Noggle et al, 2012; Chou and Huang, 2017) and adolescents (Khalsa et al, 2012; Noggle et al, 2012; Purohit and Pradhan, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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12 Weeks of Kindergarten-Based Yoga Practice Increases Visual Attention, Visual-Motor Precision and Decreases Behavior of Inattention and Hyperactivity in 5-Year-Old Children

Jarraya

Engel

2019

Front. Psychol.

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The present study assesses the impact of Kindergarten-based yoga on cognitive performance, visual-motor coordination, and behavior of inattention and hyperactivity in 5-year-old children. In this randomized controlled trial, 45 children (28 female; 17 male; 5.2 ± 0.4 years) participated. Over 12 weeks, 15 children performed Hatha-yoga twice a week for 30 min, another 15 children performed generic physical education (PE) twice a week for 30 min, and 15 children performed no kind of physical activities, serving as control group (CG). Prior to ( T 0 ) and after 12 weeks ( T 1 ), all participants completed Visual Attention and Visuomotor Precision subtests of Neuropsychological Evaluation Battery and teachers evaluated children’s behavior of inattention and hyperactivity with the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale-IV. At T 0 , no significant differences between groups appeared. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that following Bonferroni–Holm corrections yoga, in comparison to PE and CG, had a significant positive impact on the development on behavior of inattention and hyperactivity. Further, yoga has a significant positive impact on completion times in two visumotor precision tasks in comparison to PE. Finally, results indicate a significant positive effect of yoga on visual attention scores in comparison to CG. 12 weeks of Kindergarten-based yoga improves selected visual attention and visual-motor precision parameters and decreases behavior of inattention and hyperactivity in 5-year-old children. Consequently, yoga represents a sufficient and cost-benefit effective exercise which could enhance cognitive and behavioral factors relevant for learning and academic achievement among young children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

12 Weeks of Kindergarten-Based Yoga Practice Increases Visual Attention, Visual-Motor Precision and Decreases Behavior of Inattention and Hyperactivity in 5-Year-Old Children

Jarraya

Engel

2019

Front. Psychol.

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“…In several early observational studies [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ] with cross-sectional design, the results showed that Tai Chi/Yoga has the potential to enhance HRV through increased parasympathetic modulation [ 22 , 23 ] and/or to reduce sympathetic activity [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. To further substantiate the potential beneficial effect of prolonged Tai Chi/Yoga training for autonomic nervous function, a growing number of experimental studies have recently been conducted [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. As the number of trials increases, two research groups attempted to systematically evaluate the existing literature regarding the effects of Tai Chi [ 34 ] or Yoga [ 35 ] on HRV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mind–Body Exercises (Tai Chi/Yoga) on Heart Rate Variability Parameters and Perceived Stress: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Zou

Sasaki

Wei

et al. 2018

JCM

175

109

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Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) as an accurate, noninvasive measure of the Autonomous Nervous System (ANS) can reflect mental health (e.g., stress, depression, or anxiety). Tai Chi and Yoga (Tai Chi/Yoga), as the most widely practiced mind–body exercises, have shown positive outcomes of mental health. To date, no systematic review regarding the long-lasting effects of Tai Chi/Yoga on HRV parameters and perceived stress has been conducted. Objective: To critically evaluate the existing literature on this topic. Methods: Five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus and Cochrane Library) were searched from the start of the research project to July 2018. Study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment were independently carried out by two reviewers. The potentially identified randomized controlled trials (RCT) reported the useful quantitative data that were included only for meta-analysis. Results: meta-analysis of 17 medium-to-high quality RCTs showed significantly beneficial effects on HRV parameters (normalized low-frequency, Hedge’s g = −0.39, 95% CI −0.39 to −0.56, p < 0.001, I2 = 11.62%; normalized high-frequency, Hedge’s g = 0.37, 95% CI 0.22 to −0.52, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%; low-frequency to high-frequency ratio, Hedge’s g = −0.58, 95% CI −0.81 to −0.35, p < 0.001, I2 = 53.78%) and stress level (Hedge’s g = −0.80, 95% CI −1.17 to −0.44, p < 0.001, I2 = 68.54%). Conclusions: Stress reduction may be attributed to sympathetic-vagal balance modulated by mind–body exercises. Tai Chi/Yoga could be an alternative method for stress reduction for people who live under high stress or negative emotions.

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“…Of the 1115 records screened after removing duplicates, 80 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. A total of 17 studies underwent data extraction, and 16 separate trials [ 15 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ] were eventually included in the final systematic review described below.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoga and Mindfulness Interventions for Preschool-Aged Children in Educational Settings: A Systematic Review

Sun

Lamoreau

O’Connell

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Early childhood and the pre-school stage of development constitute a dynamic period for acquisition of social-emotional competencies. Yoga and mindfulness practices (YMP) have become increasingly used in schools for social emotional learning, but less is known about their utility in early childhood settings. A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines was undertaken to explore the effect of YMP on social emotional function among preschool-aged children (3–5 years). The review resulted in identification of 1115 records, of which 80 full text articles were screened, with final inclusion of 16 studies. Included studies evaluated the effect of YMP on social-emotional functioning, and identified the potential for YMP to improve regulatory skills such as behavioral self-regulation and executive function. Among studies reviewed, 13 reported improvements in these domains, but quality appraisal indicated significant variability in risk of bias across studies, and heterogeneity of outcome measurements hindered comparison. Programs appeared to produce better results when implemented for at least 6 weeks and among children who had lower baseline social-emotional functioning. YMP constitute a promising strategy for social emotional development in early childhood settings, but additional rigorously designed studies are needed to expand understanding of how and why these programs are effective.

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Effects of Yoga on Attention, Impulsivity, and Hyperactivity in Preschool-Aged Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms

Abstract: Yoga was associated with modest improvements on an objective measure of attention (KiTAP) and selective improvements on parent ratings.

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

12 Weeks of Kindergarten-Based Yoga Practice Increases Visual Attention, Visual-Motor Precision and Decreases Behavior of Inattention and Hyperactivity in 5-Year-Old Children

12 Weeks of Kindergarten-Based Yoga Practice Increases Visual Attention, Visual-Motor Precision and Decreases Behavior of Inattention and Hyperactivity in 5-Year-Old Children

Effects of Mind–Body Exercises (Tai Chi/Yoga) on Heart Rate Variability Parameters and Perceived Stress: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Yoga and Mindfulness Interventions for Preschool-Aged Children in Educational Settings: A Systematic Review

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