Effects of Zinc Complexes on the Distribution of Zinc in Calcareous Soil and Zinc Uptake by Maize

Abstract

The movement and availability of Zn from six organic Zn sources in a Typic Xerorthent (calcareous) soil were compared by incubation, column assay, and in a greenhouse study with maize (Zea mays L.). Zinc soil behavior was studied by sequential, diethylenetriaminepentaacetate, and Mehlich-3 extractions. In the incubation experiment, the differences in Zn concentration observed in the water soluble plus exchangeable fraction strongly correlated with Zn uptake by plants in the greenhouse experiment. Zinc applied to the surface of soil columns scarcely moved into deeper layers except for Zn-ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) that showed the greatest distribution of labile Zn throughout the soil and the highest proportion of leaching of the applied Zn. In the upper part of the column, changes in the chemical forms of all treatments occurred and an increase in organically complexed and amorphous Fe oxide-bound fractions was detected. However, the water soluble plus exchangeable fraction was not detected. The same results were obtained at the end of the greenhouse experiment. Significant increases were found in plant dry matter yield and Zn concentration as compared with the control treatment without Zn addition. Increasing Zn rate in the soil increased dry matter yield in all cases but Zn concentration in the plant increased only with Zn-EDTA and Zn-ethylenediaminedi-o-hydroxyphenyl-acetate (EDDHA) fertilizers. Higher Zn concentration in plants (50.9 mg kg(-)(1)) occurred when 20 mg Zn kg(-)(1) was added to the soil as Zn-EDTA. The relative effectiveness of the different Zn carriers in increasing Zn uptake was in the order: Zn-EDTA > Zn-EDDHA > Zn-heptagluconate >/= Zn-phenolate approximately Zn-polyflavonoid approximately Zn-lignosulfonate.

Zinc fertilizer placement affects zinc content in maize plant

“…Where Zn was applied only in 30-60 cm zone resulted in lowest Zn content in both experiments. Few studies can be comparable with current results because previous studies focused mostly on new types of fertilizer, correction of Zn deficiency, new methods such as seed priming (Alvarez and Rico 2003;Harris et al 2007;Hossain et al 2008), but not the vertical stratification of Zn fertilizer. Both root surface area (Genc et al 2007) and available Zn in the soil (e.g., DTPA-Zn) (Lindsay and Norvell 1978) are essential for Zn uptake by plants.…”

Comparison of EDTA and sequential extraction tests for phytoavailability prediction of manganese and zinc in agricultural alkaline soils

“…Among the non-residual fractions, the oxides-bound Zn fraction was greater than the others, especially for procedure B. Other researches have also found Zn to be associated with Fe-Mn oxides (Ma and Rao, 1997;Obrador et al, 2002;Alvarez and Rico, 2003). According to Stanton and Burger (1967), the Fe oxides in soils play a predominant role in limiting Zn availability to plants growing directly in the soil.…”

Novel chelating agents as manganese and zinc fertilisers: characterisation, theoretical speciation and stability in solution

“…The biodegradable chelates IDHA [N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-D,L-aspartic acid] (Lucena et al, 2008;Rodríguez-Lucena et al, 2010b) and EDDS (ethylene diamine disuccinic acid) (González et al, 2007;Rodríguez-Lucena et al, 2010a) or complexes as gluconates and lignosulfonates (Benedicto et al, 2011), which are byproducts from the food and paper industry activity (Gangloff et al, 2006;Akay and Kaya, 2007), have shown promising results. Especially, studies on lignosulfonates of Fe and Zn have increased (Álvarez and Rico, 2003;Martín-Ortiz et al, 2009;Rodríguez-Lucena et al, 2010a;Benedicto et al, 2011).…”