Effects of Zinc Deficiency in the Diets of Hens

Kienholz, E. W.; Turk, D. E.; Sunde, M. L.; Hoekstra, W. G.

doi:10.1093/jn/75.2.211

Cited by 100 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The abnormal feather development observed in the chicks from the hens on the high calcium level was identical to that described by Young et al (1958) as a symptom of zinc deficiency. That the reduced growth rate with increasing calcium levels may be a reflection of decreasing amounts of available zinc is suggested by the results of Young et al (1958) and of Kienholz et al (1961). The results of Kienholz et al (1961) also showed that insufficient zinc in the maternal diet resulted in high chick mortality, similar to that obtained in the present study, even though the chicks were fed commercial diets capable of supporting good chick growth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Effect of Calcium Level of the Developing and Laying Ration on Hatchability of Eggs and on Viability and Growth Rate of Progeny of Young Pullets

1962

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Effect of Calcium Level of the Developing and Laying Ration on Hatchability of Eggs and on Viability and Growth Rate of Progeny of Young Pullets

1962

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“…In poultry, Zn deficiency results in insufficient bone mineralization, skeletal malformation, and reduction of weight gain (Sahraei et al, 2012). In addition, Zn-deficient diets reduce egg production and hatchability in layers and breeders (Kienholz et al, 1961). In addition, zinc is essential for neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, neuronal growth, and neurotransmission; it is stored in specific synaptic vesicles by a class of glutaminergic neurons and released as a neuro-modulator in an activity-dependent manner (Maret & Sandstead, 2006).…”

Section: Effect Of Zinc Level and Source (Zinc Oxide Vs Zinc Glycinementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Zinc Level and Source (Zinc Oxide Vs. Zinc Glycine) on Bone Mechanical and Geometric Parameters, and Histomorphology in Male Ross 308 Broiler Chicken

Tomaszewska

Muszyński

Dobrowolski

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding zinc (Zn) mineral supplements from organic (ZnGly) and inorganic (ZnO) sources to growing male Ross 308 chickens on the mechanical, geometric, and histomorphometrical parameters of long bones. A corn-soybean meal basal diet was supplemented with Zn at 50 or 100 mg·kg -1 of a premix, except the control group (0 suppl). The serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 was higher in the ZnGly50 group compared with the control group. Positive influence of Zn on the femur is highlighted when considering the significant increase in parameters such as mean relative wall thickness, and maximum elastic and ultimate strengths after Zn administration. Zinc supplementation did not affect tibial parameters. The histomorphometric analysis showed a positive impact of Zn supplementation (irrespective of source and level) on femoral trabecular thickness. Rapid loss in actual bone volume in tibial metaphyseal trabeculae was observed with ZnGly at 50 mg·kg -1 . In conclusion, this study showed that dietary Zn supplementation positively influences bone mechanical properties, confirming its beneficial effect on the development of the skeletal system and bone tissue of broilers tested for a nutritional-osteoporotic factor. Adverse health effects in trabecular bone as a result of the use of Zn at 50 mg·kg -1 of the premix show that supplementing Zn at the recommended dose (100 mg·kg -1 ) is essential.

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“…In vivo evidence of the essentiality of zinc for maturation of the brain was provided by studies in chicks (328,329) and rats (330,331), which demonstrated a variety of malformations in brains of offspring that had been deprived of zinc early in gestation. Inhibition of DNA synthesis in neural crest cells is believed to be one of the causes of the malformations (332).…”

Section: Importance Of Zinc To Brain Devel-opment and Function: Animamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apgar (418) found the evidence of adverse effects from zinc deficiency in human pregnancy incomplete. In contrast, evidence from animal experiments conclusively showed zinc essential for conception (419), blastula development and implantation (420), organogenesis (328)(329)(330), fetal growth (338,421), prenatal survival (330), and parturition (422).…”

Section: Neurological Function and Excessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc: Health Effects and Research Priorities for the 1990s

Walsh¹,

Sandstead²,

Prasad³

et al. 1994

Environmental Health Perspectives

156

225

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This review critically summarizes the literature on the spectrum of health effects of zinc status, ranging from symptoms of zinc deficiency to excess exposure. Studies on zinc intake are reviewed in relation to optimum requirements as a function of age and sex. Current knowledge on the biochemical properties of zinc which are critical to the essential role of this metal in biological systems is summarized. Dietary and physiological factors influencing the bioavailability and utilization of zinc are considered with special attention to interactions with iron and copper status. The effects of zinc deficiency and toxicity are reviewed with respect to specific organs, immunological and reproductive function, and genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Finally, key questions are identified where research is needed, such as the risks to human health of altered environmental distribution of zinc, assessment of zinc status in humans, effects of zinc status in relation to other essential metals on immune function, reproduction, neurological function, and the cardiovascular system, and mechanistic studies to further elucidate the biological effects of zinc at the molecular level. - There is considerable evidence that zinc deficiency in humans is a serious worldwide problem and outweighs the potential problem of accidental, self-imposed, or environmental exposure to zinc excess. Acute deficiency (1) and chronic deficiency (2) are well-known entities in human populations and are probably much more common than generally recognized. The importance of zinc for human health was first documented in 1963 (3) Telephone (617) (617) 638-4329. E-mail: ctwalsh~bu.edu renal disease, and other chronically debilitating diseases are now known to be predisposing factors for zinc deficiency in humans (4).Zinc deficiency is reflected in clinical syndromes which affect men and women of all ages and all socioeconomic and cultural classes in the United States. It is neither prevalent in any specific area of the United States nor associated with any specific or definitive biochemical marker, which can make its identification difficult and confusing. Its presence is manifested by a wide spectrum of symptoms, from acute, life threatening problems to mild subclinical or marginal disorders which may only vaguely disturb well being. The acute problems are often seen in profoundly ill patients treated in hospitals, whereas subclinical problems may be so vague that patients seek assistance outside traditional medical practice.Based upon clinical data and using traditional, epidemiologic techniques, Henkin and Aamodt (5) have reclassified zinc deficiency into three syndromes; these are a) acute, b) chronic, and c) subacute zinc deficiency. Acute zinc deficiency is relatively uncommon and follows parenteral hyperalimentation or oral L-histidine administration. Chronic zinc deficiency is more common, usually resulting from chronic dietary lack of zinc. Subacute or latent zinc deficiency is the most common of these syndromes. It is estimated that there are 4...

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Effects of Zinc Deficiency in the Diets of Hens

Cited by 100 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Calcium Level of the Developing and Laying Ration on Hatchability of Eggs and on Viability and Growth Rate of Progeny of Young Pullets

Effect of Calcium Level of the Developing and Laying Ration on Hatchability of Eggs and on Viability and Growth Rate of Progeny of Young Pullets

Effect of Zinc Level and Source (Zinc Oxide Vs. Zinc Glycine) on Bone Mechanical and Geometric Parameters, and Histomorphology in Male Ross 308 Broiler Chicken

Zinc: Health Effects and Research Priorities for the 1990s

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