Effects of zirconium on the structural and dielectric properties of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 solid solution

Ho, In-Chyuan; Fu, Shen–Li

doi:10.1007/bf01129927

Cited by 32 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These micrographs indicate well-developed grain morphology; however, there is a decrease in grain growth in samples with increasing Zr content. This can be explained with the reduced rate of grain growth owing to the slower diffusion of larger Zr 4+ , compared to Ti 4+ [30]. The decrease in grain size is also closely linked to decreasing tetragonality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterisation and dielectric properties of low-loss Zr-doped barium strontium titanate materials

Shalu

Ghosh

2019

Advances in Applied Ceramics

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A series of materials of the composition Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 Zr x Ti (1 − x) O 3 (BSZT), where x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03, were synthesised through the sol-gel method whereupon the manifestations of partial substitution of Ti 4+ by Zr 4+ on the structural and dielectric behaviour of Ba 0.7 Sr 0.3 TiO 3 (BST) were studied. X-ray diffraction patterns of all samples showed the development of a single-phase crystalline perovskite structure. The dielectric behaviour of the ceramic samples has been studied in detail in the frequency range 10 Hz to 1 MHz at room temperature, and as a function of increase in temperature. The sample with 2% Zr recorded the highest dielectric constant. The dielectric loss values for all the BSZT compositions are remarkably low, tan δ = 0.021∼0.026 at 1 MHz, in contrast to the literature reports. It is observed that small amount of Zr doping on BST, where 0 < x ≤ 0.03 results in the enhancement of dielectric constant while decreasing the bulk density and dielectric loss.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterisation and dielectric properties of low-loss Zr-doped barium strontium titanate materials

Shalu

Ghosh

2019

Advances in Applied Ceramics

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“…However, corrections to the thermodynamic data for our B 0.5 S 0.5 T solid solution phases were not incorporated. This is because the phenomenological theory of ferroelectricity developed by Devonshire 14 is not applicable to B 0.5 S 0.5 T because it is a relaxor ferroelectric, 15 has a Curie temperature (Ϫ10°C) less than room temperature, 16 and is probably a type II transition material. 17 The thermodynamic model was used to construct diagrams that show the stability and yield of the solid products in the Ba-Sr-K-Ti-H 2 O (cf.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of Phase‐Pure (Ba,Sr)TiO₃ Perovskite using EDTA

Gersten

Łencka

Riman

2004

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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A thermodynamic model was developed to describe the stability of (Ba,Sr)TiO 3 (BST) solid solutions in the Ba-Sr-Ti-K-(EDTA)-H 2 O (EDTA ‫؍‬ ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) system. Phase diagrams were computed to identify the range of conditions suitable for making phase-pure BST. Hydrothermal experiments were performed to validate the thermodynamic model. The model was found to be more useful when an ideal solid solution was used to estimate the energetics for the BST phase instead of experimental thermodynamic data. In addition, EDTA was found to promote stable conditions for BST formation. When attempting to prepare Ba 0.50 Sr 0.50 TiO 3 without EDTA, BaTiO 3 -rich and SrTiO 3 -rich phases precipitated separately, at 70°-160°C. However, in the presence of EDTA, a phase-pure Ba 0.55 Sr 0.45 TiO 3 solid solution was obtained at 90°-120°C. EDTA is effective because it prevents phase heterogeneities from forming and equalizes the adsorption affinity of strontium and barium species.

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“…When x = 0-0.10, the mean grain size increased from 13.2 μm to 16.5 μm, possibly due to the changes in grain-growth rate related to the replacement of Ti 4+ by Zr 4+ . 39,40 The relative densities of all samples were consistently higher than 94%. The linear/mapping EDS scans for INZT at x = 0.05 are shown in Figure 3A to reveal the elemental composition and distribution of the ceramics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Well‐developed grain morphologies were observed. When x = 0‐0.10, the mean grain size increased from 13.2 μm to 16.5 μm, possibly due to the changes in grain‐growth rate related to the replacement of Ti 4+ by Zr 4+ . The relative densities of all samples were consistently higher than 94%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of Zr dopant on polarization in rutile (In_0.5Nb_0.5)_0.005(Ti_1‐_xZr_x)_0.995O₂ ceramics

et al. 2019

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(In0.5Nb0.5)0.005(Ti1‐xZrx)0.995O2 (INZT, x = 0‐0.10) ceramics were synthesized using a conventional sintering method, and the effects of Zr content on the microstructures, dielectric properties and electron‐pinned defect‐dipoles (EPDD) polarization of the resultant products were investigated. The solubility limit of INZT was x = 0.075, and a secondary ZrTiO4 phase appeared at x = 0.10. Ceramics with x = 0‐0.10 exhibited excellent dielectric properties, ie, colossal permittivity (CP, εʹ > 103) and low dielectric loss (tanδ < 0.1), over a wide range of frequencies (100‐106 Hz at 300 K) and temperatures (50‐350 K at 1 kHz). The dielectric spectra and XPS results confirmed that the CP property of the ceramics could be ascribed to their EPDD polarization. The activation energy (Ea) for EPDD polarization was continuously enhanced by increasing x values. EPDD relaxation parameters at different x values were revealed using Cole‐Cole equation fitting. Moreover, α, which characterize the relaxation time τ distribution, increased with x values, thus indicating that Zr was involved in and affected electron localized states. The high Ea, temperature Tp of the peak εʹʹ at 1 kHz, and dielectric relaxation time τp at 30 K were related to increases in hopping distance of electrons among defect clusters with Zr addition.

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Effects of zirconium on the structural and dielectric properties of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 solid solution

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Synthesis, characterisation and dielectric properties of low-loss Zr-doped barium strontium titanate materials

Synthesis, characterisation and dielectric properties of low-loss Zr-doped barium strontium titanate materials

Low‐Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of Phase‐Pure (Ba,Sr)TiO₃ Perovskite using EDTA

Influence of Zr dopant on polarization in rutile (In_0.5Nb_0.5)_0.005(Ti_1‐_xZr_x)_0.995O₂ ceramics

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Effects of zirconium on the structural and dielectric properties of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 solid solution

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Synthesis, characterisation and dielectric properties of low-loss Zr-doped barium strontium titanate materials

Synthesis, characterisation and dielectric properties of low-loss Zr-doped barium strontium titanate materials

Low‐Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of Phase‐Pure (Ba,Sr)TiO3 Perovskite using EDTA

Influence of Zr dopant on polarization in rutile (In0.5Nb0.5)0.005(Ti1‐xZrx)0.995O2 ceramics

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Low‐Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of Phase‐Pure (Ba,Sr)TiO₃ Perovskite using EDTA

Influence of Zr dopant on polarization in rutile (In_0.5Nb_0.5)_0.005(Ti_1‐_xZr_x)_0.995O₂ ceramics