Effects of β-Asarone on Ischemic Stroke in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats by an Nrf2-Antioxidant Response Elements (ARE) Pathway-Dependent Mechanism

Pan, Huiying; Xu, Yi; Cai, Qian; Mei-ling, WU; Ding, Mingxing

doi:10.12659/msm.931884

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Treatment with β-asarone mitigated neuronal death by negatively regulating the ribonuclease P RNA component H1 (H1RNA)/MiR-542-3p/death effector domain (DED)-containing 2 signaling pathway in hypoxia-treated PC12 cells [ 77 ]. β-Asarone also decreased the infarction volume and apoptotic cell death via the activation of Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling in MCAO rats [ 79 ]. Additionally, α-asarone reduced neuronal death in the hippocampus in a study using a four-vessel occlusion model of rats [ 78 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Active Components from Acorus gramineus and Acorus tatarinowii in Neurological Disorders and Their Application in Korean Medicine

et al. 2022

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Neurological disorders represent a substantial healthcare burden worldwide due to population aging. Acorus gramineus Solander (AG) and Acorus tatarinowii Schott (AT), whose major component is asarone, have been shown to be effective in neurological disorders. This review summarized current information from preclinical and clinical studies regarding the effects of extracts and active components of AG and AT (e.g., α-asarone and β-asarone) on neurological disorders and biomedical targets, as well as the mechanisms involved. Databases, including PubMed, Embase, and RISS, were searched using the following keywords: asarone, AG, AT, and neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression and anxiety, epilepsy, and stroke. Meta-analyses and reviews were excluded. A total of 873 studies were collected. A total of 89 studies were selected after eliminating studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria. Research on neurological disorders widely reported that extracts or active components of AG and AT showed therapeutic efficacy in treating neurological disorders. These components also possessed a wide array of neuroprotective effects, including reduction of pathogenic protein aggregates, antiapoptotic activity, modulation of autophagy, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, regulation of neurotransmitters, activation of neurogenesis, and stimulation of neurotrophic factors. Most of the included studies were preclinical studies that used in vitro and in vivo models, and only a few clinical studies have been performed. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge on AG and AT therapeutic effects as a basis for further clinical studies, and clinical trials are required before these findings can be applied to human neurological disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Active Components from Acorus gramineus and Acorus tatarinowii in Neurological Disorders and Their Application in Korean Medicine

et al. 2022

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“…All mice were neurologically examined on Day 1/3/5/7 after MCAO according to the modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) 12 , 13 and Bederson (0–5) scores 14 , 15 (0: no deficit; 1: forelimb flexion; 2: decreased resistance to lateral push; 3: unidirectional circling; 4: longitudinal spinning; 5: no movement). 7d△mNSS (mNSS Day1 − mNSS Day7 ) and 7d△Bederson (0–5) score (Bederson Day1 − Bederson Day7 ) were then recorded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CCA repair or ECA ligation—Which middle cerebral artery occlusion is better in the reperfusion mouse model?

Hu,

Yang,

Yan

et al. 2023

Ibrain

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A reliable animal model is essential for ischemic stroke research. The implications of the external carotid artery (ECA) transection or common carotid artery (CCA) ligation have been described. Thus, a modified animal model, the CCA‐repair model, has been established, and studies have shown that the CCA‐repair model has potential advantages over the CCA‐ligation model. However, whether the CCA‐repair model is superior to the ECA‐ligation model remains unclear. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to establish the CCA‐repair (n = 34) or ECA‐ligation (n = 26) models. Cerebral blood flow before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), immediately after MCAO and reperfusion were monitored and the operation duration, postoperative body weight, and food intake within 7 days, and the number of intraoperative and postoperative deaths within 7 days were recorded in the two models. Modified neurological severity scores and Bederson (0–5) scores were used to evaluate postoperative neurological function deficits on Days 1/3/5/7. 2,3,5‐Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to quantify lesion volume on Day 7 after the operation. We found the establishment of the CCA‐repair model required a longer total operation duration (p = 0.0175), especially the operation duration of reperfusion (p < 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in body weight and food intake development, lesion volume and intragroup variability, neurological function deficits, mortality, and survival probability between the two groups. The CCA‐repair model has no significant advantage over the ECA‐ligation model. The ECA‐ligation model is still a better choice for focal cerebral ischemia.

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“…Wang et al [ 94 ] showed that β-asarone treatment could effectively attenuate MDA damage and significantly increase CAT and SOD activities in a rat model of AD generated by the intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ₁₋₄₂ combined with ischemia. In a rat model of MCAO-induced ischemic stroke, β-asarone treatment activated Nrf2/ARE pathway-related proteins, an effect that was inhibited by an Nrf2 inhibitor [ 31 ]. These findings suggest that the antioxidant effects of α- and β-asarone could contribute to their therapeutic benefits in the treatment of neurological disorders.…”

Section: Neuroprotective Effects Of α- and β-Asaronementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, α- and β-asarone have been reported to promote disintegration of protein aggregates (tau, Aβ, and α–synuclein) associated with neurodegenerative disorders [ 28 , 29 ], attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated neuroinflammation, promote neuronal cell survival, improve motor and non-motor functions, and prevent the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the brain [ 24 , 25 ]. Antidepressant-like effects of α- and β-asarone have also been described [ 30 ], while Pan et al [ 31 ] showed that β-asarone protected cortical neurons and reduced the infarction volume in an experimental model of ischemic stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of α- and β-Asarone in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders

et al. 2022

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Neurological disorders are important causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. The increasing prevalence of neurological disorders, associated with an aging population, has intensified the societal burden associated with these diseases, for which no effective treatment strategies currently exist. Therefore, the identification and development of novel therapeutic approaches, able to halt or reverse neuronal loss by targeting the underlying causal factors that lead to neurodegeneration and neuronal cell death, are urgently necessary. Plants and other natural products have been explored as sources of safe, naturally occurring secondary metabolites with potential neuroprotective properties. The secondary metabolites α- and β-asarone can be found in high levels in the rhizomes of the medicinal plant Acorus calamus (L.). α- and β-asarone exhibit multiple pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. This paper aims to provide an overview of the current research on the therapeutic potential of α- and β-asarone in the treatment of neurological disorders, particularly neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), as well as cerebral ischemic disease, and epilepsy. Current research indicates that α- and β-asarone exert neuroprotective effects by mitigating oxidative stress, abnormal protein accumulation, neuroinflammation, neurotrophic factor deficit, and promoting neuronal cell survival, as well as activating various neuroprotective signalling pathways. Although the beneficial effects exerted by α- and β-asarone have been demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo animal studies, additional research is required to translate laboratory results into safe and effective therapies for patients with AD, PD, and other neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.

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Effects of β-Asarone on Ischemic Stroke in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats by an Nrf2-Antioxidant Response Elements (ARE) Pathway-Dependent Mechanism

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Therapeutic Potential of Active Components from Acorus gramineus and Acorus tatarinowii in Neurological Disorders and Their Application in Korean Medicine

Therapeutic Potential of Active Components from Acorus gramineus and Acorus tatarinowii in Neurological Disorders and Their Application in Korean Medicine

CCA repair or ECA ligation—Which middle cerebral artery occlusion is better in the reperfusion mouse model?

Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of α- and β-Asarone in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders

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