Efferent connections of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

Saper, Clifford B.; Loewy, A.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)91117-8

Cited by 1,172 publications

(543 citation statements)

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“…Extending previous reports (Ricardo and Koh, 1978;Saper and Loewy, 1980;Bester et al, 1997;Prewitt and Herman, 1998), we furthermore identified specific projections from amylinactivated subnuclei to hypothalamic areas involved in the control of eating and energy balance (supplementary results). These include projections from the NTS and the LPB to the Arc, PVH and DMH.…”

Section: -Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The investigation of the neuronal projections from the amylin-activated brain sites distinguishes our work from previous tracing studies with no topographical specificity for amylin-responsive subnuclei (Ricardo and Koh, 1978;Saper and Loewy, 1980;van der Kooy et al, 1984;Shapiro and Miselis, 1985;Cassell et al, 1999;Dong and Swanson, 2004;Geerling and Loewy, 2006). For most of the projections studied here, anterograde and retrograde tracing produced consistent results.…”

Section: -Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

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Identification of central projections from amylin-activated neurons to the lateral hypothalamus

2010

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The ability of the pancreatic hormone amylin to inhibit food intake relies on a direct activation of the area postrema (AP). This activation is synaptically transmitted to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB), the central amygdaloid nucleus (Ce) and the lateral bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BSTL). Interestingly, neurons of the rostro-dorsal lateral hypothalamic area (dLHA), which are activated during fasting, are inhibited by peripheral amylin, although they lack amylin receptors. Using the retrograde tracer cholera toxin-B (Ctb) we analyzed whether the dLHA receives neuronal projections from amylin-activated brain areas. The anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran-amine (BDA) was used to confirm the projections and to identify further neuronal pathways potentially involved in amylin signaling. We identified dense projections from the amylin activated neurons in the LPB and sparse projections from the NTS to the dLHA. LPB fiber efferents were found in close proximity to dLHA nuclei activated by 24h of fasting. The AP and the Ce showed no projections to the dLHA. Dense efferents were also observed from the LPB to other hypothalamic areas, namely to the ventromedial, dorsomedial, paraventricular and arcuate nuclei. This study provides neuroanatomical evidence that among the amylin activated areas, the LPB provides the strongest input to the dLHA, thus it may mediate the amylin-induced inhibition of the dLHA. ABSTRACTThe ability of the pancreatic hormone amylin to inhibit food intake relies on a direct

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Section: -Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: -Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Identification of central projections from amylin-activated neurons to the lateral hypothalamus

2010

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“…Visceral sensory information reaches the IC from the lateral parabrachial nucleus, the nucleus of the solitary tract [18,19,21,91] and the visceral thalamus (VPLpc) [68]. Although a clear map of the viscerosensory area of the IC is still missing, areas within both the dysgranular and granular cortices have been identified as viscerosensory responsive [3,10,19,[92][93][94].…”

Section: The Primary Viscerosensory Cortex Within the Insular Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Insular Cortex and the Amygdala: Shared Functions and Interactions

Moraga-Amaro¹,

Stehberg²

2012

The Amygdala - A Discrete Multitasking Manager

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“…, 1982), superior colliculus in mesencephalon (Nauta and Kuypers, 1958), and intralaminar and ventromedial thalamic nuclei (Nauta and Kuypers, 1958;Her kenham, 1979), the increase in CBF must be me diated through second-order connections of the DMRF, at least in cerebral cortex. These could con ceivably be via the diffuse thalamo-cortico projec tion system arising from intralaminar thalamic nu clei (Herkenham, 1980) and/or by the multiple con nections of the pontine parabrachial complex (Saper and Loewy, 1980). On the other hand, electrical stimulation may also activate fibers passing through the DMRF, including some within the central teg mental tract.…”

Section: Stimulation Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Cerebral Vasodilatation Elicited by Focal Electrical Stimulation within the Dorsal Medullary Reticular Formation in Anesthetized Rat

Iadecola

Nakai

Arbit

et al. 1983

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Summary:We examined the effects of electrical stimu lation of a restricted area of the dorsal medullary reticular formation (DMRF) on regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in anesthetized (by chloralose), paralyzed (by curare) rats. CBP was measured in tissue samples by the Kety prin ciple, with 14C-iodoantipyrine as indicator. Stimulation of DMRF elicited a widespread, significant increase in CBP in 12 of 13 areas. The increase in flow was greatest in cerebral cortex, up to 240% of control. However, it was also substantially increased in selected regions of telen cephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, and lower brainstem, but not cerebellum. In contrast, electricalIt has been believed for many years that the brainstem may control cerebral circulation. The ev idence has been derived largely from studies that have assessed the effects on cerebral blood flow (CBF) of locally altering neuronal activity by focal electrical stimulation (Reis, 1979). Such studies have demonstrated that modification of brainstem func tion may, in fact, alter CBF, thereby suggesting that the CNS can regulate its own circulation through intrinsic neuronal systems.These investigations, however, left two issues un resolved. First, since CBF was measured either across the entire brain (Langfitt and Kassell, 1968; Meyer et aI., 1969 Meyer et aI., , 1971Lang and Zimmer, 1974) or only qualitatively estimated from restricted brain regions, usually cerebral cortex (lngvar, 1958;Molnar and Szanto, 1964; Vern et aI., 1981; Reis et aI., 1982), they did not establish whether the evoked changes in flow were localized or global. Second, 270stimulation of the midline (interstitial nucleus of the me dial longitudinal fasciculus) I mm medial to the DMRF did not change CBF. The increase in CBP evoked by DMRF stimulation persisted after transection of the spinal cord at CI or cervical sympathetic trunk. We conclude that excitation of neurons originating in or passing through the DMRF can elicit a potent and virtually global increase of CBF. The effect appears to be mediated by intrinsic pathways of the central nervous system.

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Efferent connections of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat

Cited by 1,172 publications

References 46 publications

Identification of central projections from amylin-activated neurons to the lateral hypothalamus

Identification of central projections from amylin-activated neurons to the lateral hypothalamus

The Insular Cortex and the Amygdala: Shared Functions and Interactions

Global Cerebral Vasodilatation Elicited by Focal Electrical Stimulation within the Dorsal Medullary Reticular Formation in Anesthetized Rat

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