Effets de l'addition d'iso-acides à la ration sur la fermentation ruminale, la dégradation in sacco de la matière sèche et la concentration de quelques paramètres sanguins chez la vache

Andries, J.I.; Cottyn, B. G.; Keersmaecker, Sigrid De; Buysse, F.

doi:10.1051/rnd:19900821

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

1990

DOI: 10.1051/rnd:19900821

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Effets de l'addition d'iso-acides à la ration sur la fermentation ruminale, la dégradation in sacco de la matière sèche et la concentration de quelques paramètres sanguins chez la vache

J.I. Andries¹,

B. G. Cottyn²,

Sigrid De Keersmaecker³

et al.

Abstract: Summary ― Three rumen-fistulated cows fed maize silage and concentrates were supplemented with either soybean oil meal or urea, associated or not with isoacids. The isoacids increased the volatile fatty acid concentration, lowered the ruminal ammonia concentration and in sacco dry matter disappearance and did not influence blood parameters.

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Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids decreases fat accumulation in the liver through intestinal microbiota-mediated production of acetic acid

Iwao

Gotoh

Arakawa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant problem because its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Recent animal studies have identified gut microbiota as a potentially important player in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Previously, we reported that the administration of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) reduces hepatic fat accumulation in experimental animal models. This study aimed to clarify how changes in the intestinal microbial flora following the administration of BCAAs affect a high-fat diet (HF)-induced fat accumulation in the liver. We examined whether the administration of BCAAs alters the development of hepatic fat accumulation as well as intestinal microbial flora. The oral administration of BCAAs (3% kcal) induced a significant increase in Ruminococcus flavefaciens (R. flavefaciens) and portal acetic acid levels, and it reduced hepatic fat accumulation in HF-fed rats. In addition, BCAAs reduced the expression of the lipogenesis-related genes FAS and ACC in the liver. Furthermore, we observed that R. flavefaciens is essential for promoting a BCAA-induced reduction in hepatic fat accumulation. These data suggest that BCAA treatment induces the proliferation of intestinal flora including R. flavefaciens and that portal acetic acid synthesized from intestinal flora improves NAFLD by downregulating the expression of FAS and ACC in the liver.

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Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids decreases fat accumulation in the liver through intestinal microbiota-mediated production of acetic acid

Iwao

Gotoh

Arakawa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Dose response of biochar and wood vinegar on in vitro batch culture ruminal fermentation using contrasting feed substrates

O'Reilly

Huo

Meale

et al. 2021

Translational Animal Science

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Within Australia, approximately 6.4% of total greenhouse gas emissions are from animal methane (CH4) derived from enteric fermentation. Mitigation of ruminant CH4 is a key concept in support of sustainable agriculture production; dietary manipulations a viable strategy to lower CH4 release during enteric fermentation. In order to determine the effects of dose response of biochar and wood vinegar supplementation on fermentation parameters and CH4 production, this study utilized in vitro batch culture incubations. It is hypothesized the addition of either biochar or wood vinegar will successfully reduce enteric CH4 emissions without negative modification of other fermentation parameters. Three feed substrates (vegetable mixed ration, maize silage and winter pasture) were separated into treatments containing either biochar at 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% DM replacing substrate (w/w basis), or wood vinegar at 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% into incubation media volume (v/v). At 6, 12 and 24 hours after inoculation, total gas volume and methane (CH4 %) were measured. Volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations, media pH and in vitro dry matter digestibility were measured at 24h. Biochar at various dosages had no effect (P > 0.05) on fermentation characteristics other than decreased in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD; P = 0.01) at 2 and 4% (DM basis) inclusion. Similar to biochar, dose response of wood vinegar had no effect on in vitro fermentation characteristics. However, feed substrate had major effects on all fermentation parameters (P = 0.01) where winter pasture > vegetable mixed ration > maize silage for all recorded fermentation characteristics. Biochar and wood vinegar supplementation were ineffectual in mitigating CH4 production or modifying fermentation characteristics, thus rejecting the initial hypothesis. These results suggest the use of biochar is not an effective tool for methane mitigation in ruminant livestock and infers that studies previously reporting success must better define the systemic mechanisms responsible for the reduction in CH4.

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Effects of Branched-chain Amino Acids on <italic>In vitro</italic> Ruminal Fermentation of Wheat Straw

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2013

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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This study investigates the effects of three branched-chain amino acids (BCAA; valine, leucine, and isoleucine) on the in vitro ruminal fermentation of wheat straw using batch cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms. BCAA were added to the buffered ruminal fluid at a concentration of 0, 2, 4, 7, or 10 mmol/L. After 72 h of anaerobic incubation, pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) in the ruminal fluid were determined. Dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability were calculated after determining the DM and NDF in the original material and in the residue after incubation. The addition of valine, leucine, or isoleucine increased the total VFA yields (p≤0.001). However, the total VFA yields did not increase with the increase of BCAA supplement level. Total branched-chain VFA yields linearly increased as the supplemental amount of BCAA increased (p<0.001). The molar proportions of acetate and propionate decreased, whereas that of butyrate increased with the addition of valine and isoleucine (p<0.05). Moreover, the proportions of propionate and butyrate decreased (p<0.01) with the addition of leucine. Meanwhile, the molar proportions of isobutyrate were increased and linearly decreased (p<0.001) by valine and leucine, respectively. The addition of leucine or isoleucine resulted in a linear (p<0.001) increase in the molar proportions of isovalerate. The degradability of NDF achieved the maximum when valine or isoleucine was added at 2 mmol/L. The results suggest that low concentrations of BCAA (2 mmol/L) allow more efficient regulation of ruminal fermentation in vitro, as indicated by higher VFA yield and NDF degradability. Therefore, the optimum initial dose of BCAA for in vitro ruminal fermentation is 2 mmol/L.

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Effets de l'addition d'iso-acides à la ration sur la fermentation ruminale, la dégradation in sacco de la matière sèche et la concentration de quelques paramètres sanguins chez la vache

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids decreases fat accumulation in the liver through intestinal microbiota-mediated production of acetic acid

Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids decreases fat accumulation in the liver through intestinal microbiota-mediated production of acetic acid

Dose response of biochar and wood vinegar on in vitro batch culture ruminal fermentation using contrasting feed substrates

Effects of Branched-chain Amino Acids on <italic>In vitro</italic> Ruminal Fermentation of Wheat Straw

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Effets de l'addition d'iso-acides à la ration sur la fermentation ruminale, la dégradation in sacco de la matière sèche et la concentration de quelques paramètres sanguins chez la vache

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids decreases fat accumulation in the liver through intestinal microbiota-mediated production of acetic acid

Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids decreases fat accumulation in the liver through intestinal microbiota-mediated production of acetic acid

Dose response of biochar and wood vinegar on in vitro batch culture ruminal fermentation using contrasting feed substrates

Effects of Branched-chain Amino Acids on &lt;italic&gt;In vitro&lt;/italic&gt; Ruminal Fermentation of Wheat Straw

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Effects of Branched-chain Amino Acids on <italic>In vitro</italic> Ruminal Fermentation of Wheat Straw