Effets strongylicides <i>in vitro</i> de l’extrait aqueux de feuilles de <i>Ficus exasperata</i> Valh. 1805 (Moraceae)

Abstract

REMERCIEMENTS Les auteurs remercient le Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique du Benin pour son appui financier sous forme de bourses doctorales.RESUME L'usage massif et abusif de composés chimiques dans la lutte contre les parasitoses animales a montré ses limites tant sur le plan efficacité (échecs consécutifs au phénomène de résistances) que sur le plan écologique (écotoxicité des molécules). Les recettes ethno-vétérinaires, qui se fondent sur l'exploitation de la riche flore tropicale, constituent une intéressante piste de recherche de solutions alternatives et durables. La présente étude a eu pour objectif d'évaluer in vitro les effets strongylicides de l'extrait aqueux de feuilles de Ficus exasperata (plante tropicale de la famille des Moraceae) sur des adultes de Haemonchus contortus (parasite gastro-intestinal des ruminants). L'étude a consisté en un test de mortalité par contact. Les vers ont été récoltés dans la caillette de moutons naturellement infestés puis exposés à six (6) concentrations différentes (4, 8, 16, 32, 64 In vitro strongylicide effects of the aqueous extract of leaves ofFicus exasperata Valh. 1805 (Moraceae) ABSTRACTThe massive and excessive use of chemical compounds in the management of animal parasites showed its limits both for efficiency (therapeutic failures due to resistances phenomenon) as for ecological aspect (ecotoxicity of molecules). The ethno-veterinary recipes which base on the exploitation of the rich tropical H. M. A. HOUNGNIMASSOUN et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 11(3): 1012-1020, 2017 1013 flora represent a precious way of alternative and sustainable solutions. This study aimed at estimating, in vitro, the strongylicide effects of the aqueous extract of leaves of Ficus exasperata (a tropical plant of Moracea's family) against adults of Haemonchus contortus (a gastroenteritis parasite). Worms adult motility test was undertaken. Worms collected from the abomasum of naturally infested sheep were exposed to six (6) concentrations (4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 mg/ml) of the plant extract. Levamisole has been the reference drug. A solution of Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) was the negative control. The test was repeated six times. The results indicated significant (p˂0.001) mortalities from 66.66 to 83.33%. Thus, the study highlighted the extract's dose depending strongylicide effect with average and total lethal doses (LC 50 and LC 99 ) respectively of 7.8 mg/ml and 19.1 mg/ml. The leaves of Ficus exasperata possess some anthelminthic properties requiring thorough studies.

In vitro anthelmintic activity of Euphorbia hirta L aqueous extracts on small ruminant’s gastrointestinal parasites evaluation.

“…Quanti cation of the secondary metabolites responsible for the medicinal plant properties in aqueous extracts of E. hirta shows a wide range of levels of total polyphenols, total avonoids and condensed tannins. In contrast to our present study, numerous studies have qualitatively shown the presence of these secondary metabolites within different plant extracts (Wadré et al, 2015;Houngnimassoun et al, 2017). However, Azando et al (2022) obtained a slightly higher condensed tannin content in Newbouldia laewis and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides extracts compared to our present study.…”

Acute Toxicity and Anthelmintic Effects of &lt;i&gt;Gomphrena &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;serrata&lt;/i&gt; L. (Amaranthaceae) Extracts on Adult Worms and Eggs of &lt;i&gt;Haemonchus &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ontortus&lt;/i&gt;

“…HEM is more efficient on eggs and Haemonchus contortus adult worms compared to others with IC 50 of 0.457 mg/mL and LC 50 of 1.329 mg/mL, respectively. Our results are comparable to those obtained by Houngnimassoun et al [23], which is 100% from 64 mg/mL of Ficus exasperata, and those obtained by Belemlilga et al, who showed that the extract of Saba senegalensis gave a 97% hatch inhibition rate with 15 mg/mL [31].…”

“…These include: Balanites aegyptiaca [17], Saba senegalensis [18], Cassia sieberiana, Guiera senegalensis and Excoecaria grahamii [19], Securidaca longepedunculata [20]. For more efficiency in improving the health of small ruminants, it would be wise to conduct studies on forage plants for their nutritional values and also for their richness in specific secondary metabolites such as tannins, flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids, whose anthelmintic properties and effects on zootechnical performance are known [21] [22] [23]. Burkinabe traditional medicine has several medicinal plants used by the population to treat gastrointestinal parasitosis.…”

In vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Euphorbia hirta L Aqueous Extracts on Small Ruminant’s Gastrointestinal Parasites Evaluation

“…Mortality Rate (%) : Difference between columns, p-value : Comparison between concentration. study, numerous studies have qualitatively shown the presence of these secondary metabolites within different plant extracts [17,18]. Phytochemical screening studies carried out in Niger, Senegal and Côte d'Ivoire showed the presence of these various secondary metabolites in various E. hirta extracts, similar to our present study [19][20][21].…”