Background. Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH) are increasingly prevalent, especially among the elderly. Surgical intervention is essential in most cases. However, the choice of surgical technique, either craniotomy or burr-hole opening, remains a subject of debate. Additionally, the risk factors for poor longterm outcomes following surgical treatment remain poorly described.Methods. This article presents a 10-year retrospective cohort study conducted at a single center that aimed to compare the outcomes of two common surgical techniques for CSDH evacuation: burr hole opening and craniotomy. The study also identi ed risk factors associated with poor long-term outcome, which was de ned as an mRS score ≥ 3 at 6 months.Results. This study included 582 adult patients who were surgically treated for unilateral CSDH. Burr-hole opening was performed in 43% of the patients, while craniotomy was performed in 57%. Recurrence was observed in 10% of the cases and postoperative complications in 13%. The rates of recurrence, postoperative complications, death and poor long-term outcome did not differ signi cantly between the two surgical approaches. Multivariate analysis identi ed postoperative general complications, recurrence, and preoperative mRS score ≥ 3 as independent risk factors for poor outcomes at 6 months.
Conclusion.Burr-hole opening is as effective and less invasive than craniotomy and should be preferred. Although chronic subdural hematoma is often considered benign, general complication and recurrence are signi cant long-term prognostic factors that should not be overlooked. Our results highlight the importance of preventing postoperative complications through early mobilization and avoiding the prescription of corticosteroids in this elderly population.