Efficacy and Bioavailability of silymarin on Plasma S100B Level in Cardiotoxicity-induced Rats

Abstract

Cardiotoxicity is a cause of death by drug overdose. Silymarin, a cytoprotective agent used in this research to protect against induced-cardiotoxic effects in Albino Wister rats; exhibited signs of heart damage, such as elevated levels of S100B, troponin I, and CK-MB. Seventy albino Wister rats of both genders were divided randomly with each group having 10 rats. Silymarin-treated, cardiotoxic-induced, and control groups were treated for ten days. The bioavailability of silymarin was assessed, and evaluation of the efficacy of silymarin on the biomarker S100B and cardiac biomarkers (Troponin I, and CK-MB), also the histopathological assessments of the heart, liver, and kidney, in addition to the coefficient correlation of the studied biomarkers were analyzed. Research’s outcome indicated that the sets subjected to silymarin presented substantial differences in rat weight and food consumption, compared to a decrease in cardiotoxic clusters. S100B plasma level was increased in cardiotoxic groups, reduced in those subjected to silymarin, and eliminated by pretreatment with silymarin. Troponin I & CK-MB expressively elevated significantly in cardiotoxic prompted rats, which declined with silymarin treatment and were prohibited in pretreatment by silymarin. The shielding characteristic of silymarin detected in end organs, like the liver, kidneys, and hearts when exposed to the cardiotoxic agent clozapine was extremely significant. The consequences of the histopathological examination of this study illustrated silymarin’s cardioprotective effects. A significant positive coefficient correlation of S100B with troponin I & CK-MB was recorded. In conclusion, silymarin reduces and prevents to a larger extent the cardiotoxicity brought about by clozapine and averts heart injury. The cardioprotective efficacy of silymarin is explained by its new mechanism of action as decreasing S100B, troponin I & CK-MB levels with a strong significant correlation to each other. The cardioprotective efficacy of silymarin gives promise for monitoring the cardiotoxicity adverse drug reaction induced by drugs.