Efficacy and cost analysis of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy under monitored anesthesia

Current methods of analgesia for transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)‐guided prostate biopsy – a systematic review

“… study and Kang et al. study [mean ( sd ) 2.9 (2.0) vs 6.3 (2.5), respectively]. This could be due to the fact that in the Cha et al.…”

“…Kang et al. also compared target‐controlled infusion of propofol (i.v.) with intrarectal lidocaine jelly in 100 patients and also concluded that propofol infusion resulted in lower mean pain scores in patients [mean (sd) VAS score 0.9 (1.1) vs 6.3 (2.5); ( P < 0.001)].…”

The effects of meperidine in patients undergoing deep sedation for transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: a randomized, controlled, double-blind study

“…Nevertheless, we noted a significant reduction of Sedation for painful procedures compared to that of painless procedures is more difficult due to the possibility of movement. Few studies have attempted concomitant administration of sedatives and analgesics for TRUS-PBx [18,21]; the ones that have could not be compared with our study since most did not evaluate patient movement. In our study, despite meperidine pretreatment, the incidence of movement in Group M was 56.7%.…”

“…However, we considered deep sedation to be superior because conscious sedation (without analgesia) can result in procedure interruption. Unfortunately, many studies have not reported the total dose of propofol used, whether it was delivered by bolus or continuous infusion, the duration of anesthesia, or the quality of sedation [7,17,18]. In a pilot study, we found that deep sedation could be induced in most patients with a bolus injection of i.v.…”

“…Likewise, Kang et al [18] demonstrated that propofol administered with remifentanil significantly reduced moderate to severe pain compared to 2% lidocaine gel. However, remifentanil is unsuitable for postprocedural pain control due to a rapid offset of analgesic effect after terminating the infusion.…”