Efficacy and safety of add-on Viola odorata L. in the treatment of COVID-19: A randomized double-blind controlled trial

Mehraban, Mohammad Sadegh Adel; Shirzad, Meysam; Kashani, Leila Mohammad Taghizadeh; Ahmadian-Attari, Mohammad Mahdi; Safari, Ali; Ansari, Nazli; Hatami, Hossein; Kamalinejad, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.116058

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Of the 163 articles identified, 12 studies were reckoned to meet the eligibility criteria and these articles were included for analysis (depicted in Figure 2). Out of 12 studies, 11 studies are conducted in COVID-19 patients [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and 1 study is conducted in post-COVID-19 patients. 25 There are 22 varieties of plants involved as add-on therapy for COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies used standard-of-care drugs, eg, a combination of NSAIDs (acetaminophen 500 mg) [14][15][16]18,21 or SAIDs (prednisolone), 20 antibiotics (azithromycin 500 mg), 18,21 chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, 18,22 H1R antagonists (cetirizine 10 mg for allergy or dimenhydrinate for nausea), 15,21 anticoagulants (enoxaparin 40 mg), 16,22 antitussive (bromhexine or dextromethorphan), 15,16 antacids or H2R antagonists (famotidine), 24 and supplements (Vitamin C 500 mg). The antiviral drugs used were remdesivir (in general) or favipiravir (for mild severity symptoms) or oseltamivir (for moderate severity symptoms) or a combination of lopinavir/ritonavir.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Diantini¹,

Febriyanti²,

Levita³

2023

IDR

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COVID-19 caused by the infection of SARS-CoV-2 is still a global concern. WHO reported that from 13 March to 9 April 2023, there were 3 million new cases and approximately 23,000 deaths, mostly occurring in the South-East Asia and Eastern Mediterranean regions, which is predicted due to the new Omicron variant, Arcturus XBB.1.16. Many studies have reported the potency of medicinal plants in enhancing the function of the immune system to combat virus infection. The literature review aimed to describe the efficacy and safety of add-on plant-based drugs for COVID-19 patients. The articles were explored on the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, and published during 2020-2023. Twenty-two varieties of plants were used as add-on therapy for COVID-19 patients. These plants were

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Diantini¹,

Febriyanti²,

Levita³

2023

IDR

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“…One study used Viola odorata L. aqueous extract (violet syrup) [36]; one study used pomegranate juice added to SUMAC (a composition of tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, isoflavones, terpenoids, and diterpenes) [37]; one study used Covexir (Ferula foetida oleogum) [38]; one study used Zufa syrup (a composition of Nepeta bracteata, Ziziphus jujube, Glycyrrhizaglabra, Ficuscarica, Cordia myxa, Papaver somniferum, Fennel, Adiantumcapillus veneris, Viola, Viper's-buglosses, Lavender, and Iris) [39]; one study used sachets of Matricaria chamomilla L., Zataria multiflora Boiss., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Ficus carica L., Urtica dioica L., Althaea officinalis L., Nepeta bracteata Benth, and capsules of Rheum palmatum L. rizhome, Glycyrrhiza glabra root, Punica granatum L. fruit peel, Rheum palmatum, and Nigella sativa L. [40]; one study used giloy, swasari ras, ashwagandha, and tulsi ghanvati [41]; one used a multicomponent over-the-counter formulation [42]; one used lacto-wolfberry [43]; one used aged garlic extract powder [44]; one used ephedra herb, apricot kernel, cinnamon bark and glycyrrhiza root [45]; one used ginseng [46]; two used broccoli sprout decoction [47,48]; one used a Chima qingwen decoction [49]; one used elderberry extract orally [50]; and one use posaconazole [51]. The administered doses ranged from 300 mg to 200 g per day, and the intervention period ranged from 4 days to 20 weeks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Herbal Therapies on COVID-19 and Influenza: Investigating Novel Delivery Mechanisms for Emerging Interventions

Fornari Laurindo,

Taynara Marton,

Minniti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Synthetic antivirals and corticosteroids have been used to treat both influenza and the SARS-CoV-2 disease named COVID-19. However, these medications are not always effective, produce several adverse effects, and are associated with high costs. Medicinal plants and their constituents act in several different targets and signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of Influenza and COVID-19. This study aimed to perform a review to evaluate the effects of medicinal plants on Influenza and COVID-19 and to investigate the potential delivery systems for new antiviral therapies. EMBASE, PubMed, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, and COCHRANE databases were searched. The studies included in this review showed that medicinal plants, in different formulations, can help decrease viral spread and time of full recovery. Plants reduced the incidence of acute respiratory syndromes and the symptom scores of the illnesses. Moreover, plants are related to few adverse effects and have low costs. In addition to their significance as natural antiviral agents, medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds may exhibit low bioavailability. This highlights the need for alternative delivery systems, such as metal nanoparticles, that can effectively transport these compounds to infected tissues.

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“…Natural compounds are a great source of active compounds with biological activities, including among others anticancer, antibacterial or antiviral properties (42). Although there are no natural antiviral molecules used in clinical settings yet, some plant extracts are currently being tested in clinical trials, like Antiwei granule (a mix of Chinese herbs) for the treatment of influenza (43), Viola odora L. against SARS-CoV-2 infection (44) or Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br. against HIV infection (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Metabolites fromHypericum PerforatumL., Hyperforin and Hypericin, are both active against Human Coronaviruses

Raczkiewicz,

Rivière,

Bouquet

et al. 2024

Preprint

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COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need of antiviral molecules against coronaviruses. Plants are an endless source of active compounds. In the current study, we investigated the potential antiviral effects of Hypericum perforatum L. Its extract contained two major metabolites belonging to distinct chemical classes, hypericin (HC) and hyperforin (HF). First, we demonstrated that HC inhibited HCoV-229E at the entry step by directly targeting the viral particle in a light-dependent manner. While antiviral properties have already been described for HC, the study here showed for the first time that HF has pan-coronavirus antiviral capacity. Indeed, HF was highly active against Alphacoronavirus HCoV-229E (IC50value of 1.10 µM), and Betacoronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 (IC50value of of 0.24 to 0.98 µM), SARS-CoV (IC50value of 1.01 µM) and MERS-CoV (IC50value of 2.55 µM). Unlike HC, HF was active at a post-entry step, most likely the replication step. Antiviral activity of HF on HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed in primary human respiratory epithelial cells. Furthermore, in vitro combination assay of HF with remdesivir showed that their association was additive, which was encouraging for a potential therapeutical association. As HF was active on both Alpha- and Betacoronaviruses, a cellular target was hypothesized. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway, a potential target of HF, has been investigated but the results showed that HF antiviral activity against HCoV-229E was not dependent on HO-1. Collectively, HF is a promising antiviral candidate in view of our results and pharmacokinetics studies already published in animal models or in human.

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Efficacy and safety of add-on Viola odorata L. in the treatment of COVID-19: A randomized double-blind controlled trial

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Exploring the Impact of Herbal Therapies on COVID-19 and Influenza: Investigating Novel Delivery Mechanisms for Emerging Interventions

Major Metabolites fromHypericum PerforatumL., Hyperforin and Hypericin, are both active against Human Coronaviruses

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