Efficacy and safety of antiparasitic therapy for neurocysticercosis in rural Tanzania: a prospective cohort study

Stelzle, Dominik; Makasi, Charles; Schmidt, Veronika; Trevisan, Chiara; Damme, Inge Van; Ruether, C; Dorny, Pierre; Magnussen, Pascal; Zulu, Gideon; Mwape, Kabemba E.; Bottieau, Emmanuel; Costa, Clarissa Prazeres da; Prodjinotho, Ulrich Fabien; Carabin, Hélène; Jackson, Ellen; Fleury, Agnès; Gabriël, Sarah; Ngowi, Bernard; Winkler, Andrea Sylvia

doi:10.1007/s15010-023-02021-y

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Treatment may include medications to address the infection, manage symptoms, and control inflammation. Antiparasitic medications, such as albendazole or praziquantel, are often used to treat the disease [113]. In some cases, corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation.…”

Section: Neurocysticercosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases

Pitton Rissardo,

Fornari Caprara

2024

Preprint

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Movement disorders can be associated with various drugs and systemic diseases, posing diagnostic challenges for clinicians. This review explores the spectrum of movement disorders associated with pharmacological agents and medical conditions. Drug-induced movement disorders encompass a broad range of conditions resulting from exposure to medications that affect several neurotransmitters. Neuroleptic medications can lead to tardive dyskinesia, characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements. Antipsychotics and antiemetics, including metoclopramide, may induce acute dystonic reactions. Other drugs, such as dopamine receptor-blocking agents, can contribute to drug-induced parkinsonism. Beyond medications, movement disorders can also arise secondary to systemic diseases. Metabolic disorders like Wilson's disease, characterized by copper accumulation, may manifest as chorea or dystonia. Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus can result in secondary movement disorders due to autoimmune-mediated processes affecting the central nervous system. Movement disorders linked to drugs or systemic diseases often necessitate a thorough clinical evaluation, including detailed medication histories and comprehensive systemic assessments. Neuroimaging, laboratory investigations, and, in some cases, cerebrospinal fluid analyses and electrodiagnostic studies help in establishing accurate diagnoses. Management involves addressing the underlying cause, modifying medications, and employing symptomatic treatments.

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Section: Neurocysticercosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases

Pitton Rissardo,

Fornari Caprara

2024

Preprint

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“…Indeed, lesions compatible with NCC were found in approximately 9% of participants in various neuroepidemiological studies conducted in rural communities of Mexico (States of Puebla and Morelos) [5,6]. Despite its usually benign evolution, clinical studies have shown that cysticidal treatment improves the evolution of P-NCC [7][8][9]. The other form of NCC, known as extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis (EXP-NCC), occurs when the parasite is located outside the parenchyma, frequently in the ventricles or in the subarachnoid space at the basal cisterns [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardizing an Experimental Murine Model of Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis That Immunologically Resembles Human Infection

Espinosa-Cerón,

Méndez,

Hernández-Aceves

et al. 2023

Brain Sciences

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Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is endemic in non-developed regions of the world. Two forms of NCC have been described, for which neurological morbidity depends on the location of the lesion, which can be either within the cerebral parenchyma or in extraparenchymal spaces. The extraparenchymal form (EXP-NCC) is considered the most severe form of NCC. EXP-NCC often requires several cycles of cysticidal treatment and the concomitant use of glucocorticoids to prevent increased inflammation, which could lead to intracranial hypertension and, in rare cases, to death. Thus, the improvement of EXP-NCC treatment is greatly needed. Methods: An experimental murine model of EXP-NCC, as an adequate model to evaluate new therapeutic approaches, and the parameters that support it are described. EXP-NCC was established by injecting 30 Taenia crassiceps cysticerci, which are less than 0.5 mm in diameter, into the cisterna magna of male and female Wistar rats. Results: Cyst implantation and infection progression were monitored by detecting the HP10 antigen and anti-cysticercal antibodies in the serum and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of infected rats and by magnetic resonance imaging. Higher HP10 levels were observed in CSF than in the sera, as in the case of human EXP-NCC. Low cell recruitment levels were observed surrounding established cysticerci in histological analysis, with a modest increase in GFAP and Iba1 expression in the parenchyma of female animals. Low cellularity in CSF and low levels of C-reactive protein are consistent with a weak inflammatory response to this infection. After 150 days of infection, EXP-NCC is accompanied by reduced levels of mononuclear cell proliferation, resembling the human disease. EXP-NCC does not affect the behavior or general status of the rats. Conclusions: This model will allow the evaluation of new approaches to control neuroinflammation and immunomodulatory treatments to restore and improve the specific anti-cysticercal immunity in EXP-NCC.

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Neurocysticercosis Prevalence and Characteristics in Communities of Sinda District in Zambia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Zulu,

Stelzle,

Gabriël

et al. 2024

J Epidemiol Glob Health

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Background This study aimed at describing the epidemiology of (neuro)cysticercosis as well as its clinical and radiological characteristics in a Taenia solium endemic district of Zambia. Methods This was part of a cross-sectional community-based study conducted in Sinda district to evaluate an antibody-detecting T. solium point-of-care (TS POC) test for taeniosis and (neuro)cysticercosis. All TS POC cysticercosis positive (CC+) participants and a subset of the TS POC cysticercosis negative (CC-) received a clinical evaluation and cerebral computed tomography (CT) examination for neurocysticercosis (NCC) diagnosis and staging. Results Of the 1249 participants with a valid TS POC test result, 177 (14%) were TS POC CC+ . Cysticercosis sero-prevalence was estimated to be 20.1% (95% confidence intervals [CI] 14.6–27.0%). In total, 233 participants received a CT examination (151 TS POC CC+ , 82 TS POC CC-). Typical NCC lesions were present in 35/151 (23%) TS POC CC+ , and in 10/82 (12%) TS POC CC- participants. NCC prevalence was 13.5% (95% CI 8.4–21.1%) in the study population and 38.0% (95% CI 5.2–87.4%) among people reporting epileptic seizures. Participants with NCC were more likely to experience epileptic seizures (OR = 3.98, 95% CI 1.34–11.78, p = 0.01) than those without NCC, although only 7/45 (16%) people with NCC ever experienced epileptic seizures. The number of lesions did not differ by TS POC CC status (median: 3 [IQR 1–6] versus 2.5 [IQR 1–5.3], p = 0.64). Eight (23%) of the 35 TS POC CC+ participants with NCC had active stage lesions; in contrast none of the TS POC CC- participants was diagnosed with active NCC. Conclusion NCC is common in communities in the Eastern province of Zambia, but a large proportion of people remain asymptomatic.

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Efficacy and safety of antiparasitic therapy for neurocysticercosis in rural Tanzania: a prospective cohort study

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases

A Literature Review of Movement Disorder Associated with Medications and Systemic Diseases

Standardizing an Experimental Murine Model of Extraparenchymal Neurocysticercosis That Immunologically Resembles Human Infection

Neurocysticercosis Prevalence and Characteristics in Communities of Sinda District in Zambia: A Cross-Sectional Study

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