Efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in patients with respiratory infections in comparison with amoxycillin

Gleadhill, I.; Ferguson, Wendy; Lowry, R. C.

doi:10.1093/jac/18.supplement_d.133

Cited by 58 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the studies with bacteriologic data, H. influenzae or H. parainfluenzae were the predominant organisms, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Branhamella catarrhalis. Similar clinical responses were seen with ciprofloxacin (250 to 750 mg twice daily) compared with ampicillin (868), amoxicillin (279), doxycycline (26), or cefamandole (577); ofloxacin (200 mg twice daily) compared with pivampicillin (190); and enoxacin (400 mg twice daily) compared with amoxicillin (601). H. influenzae was almost always effectively eradicated from the sputum by the quinolones.…”

Section: Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents.

Wolfson¹,

Hooper²

1989

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…There have been six studies comparing quinolones with other agents for treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (26,190,279,577,601,868). In studies that included both patients with bronchitis and those with pneumonia, the rates of response in the two groups were not separated.…”

Section: Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents.

Wolfson¹,

Hooper²

1989

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There have been six studies comparing quinolones with other agents for treatment of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (26,190,279,577,601,868 In comparative studies that included patients with pneumonia, oral ciprofloxacin (250 to 750 mg twice daily) was comparable to doxycycline (100 mg twice daily) (26), amoxicillin (250 mg three times daily) (279), or cefamandole (1 g every 6 h) (577) and ciprofloxacin (100 mg intravenously every 8 to 12 h or 500 mg orally twice daily) was comparable to imipenem-cilastatin (500 mg imipenem given intravenously every 6 h) (465). Because these studies included patients with bronchitis and pneumonia, however, it was not possible to determine the organisms causing pneumonia.…”

Section: Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents

1989

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fluoroquinolones, a new class of potent orally absorbed antimicrobial agents, are reviewed, considering structure, mechanisms of action and resistance, spectrum, variables affecting activity in vitro, pharmacokinetic properties, clinical efficacy, emergence of resistance, and tolerability. The primary bacterial target is the enzyme deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase. Bacterial resistance occurs by chromosomal mutations altering deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase and decreasing drug permeation. The drugs are bactericidal and potent in vitro against members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus spp., and Neisseria spp., have good activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococci, and (with several exceptions) are less potent against streptococci and have fair to poor activity against anaerobic species. Potency in vitro decreases in the presence of low pH, magnesium ions, or urine but is little affected by different media, increased inoculum, or serum. The effects of the drugs in combination with a beta-lactam or aminoglycoside are often additive, occasionally synergistic, and rarely antagonistic. The agents are orally absorbed, require at most twice-daily dosing, and achieve high concentrations in urine, feces, and kidney and good concentrations in lung, bone, prostate, and other tissues. The drugs are efficacious in treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, including uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract infections, bacterial gastroenteritis, and gonorrhea, and show promise for therapy of prostatitis, respiratory tract infections, osteomyelitis, and cutaneous infections, particularly when caused by aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Fluoroquinolones have also proved to be efficacious for prophylaxis against travelers' diarrhea and infection with gram-negative bacilli in neutropenic patients. The drugs are effective in eliminating carriage of Neisseria meningitidis. Patient tolerability appears acceptable, with gastrointestinal or central nervous system toxicities occurring most commonly, but only rarely necessitating discontinuance of therapy. In 17 of 18 prospective, randomized, double-blind comparisons with another agent or placebo, fluoroquinolones were tolerated as well as or better than the comparison regimen. Bacterial resistance has been uncommonly documented but occurs, most notably with P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus and occasionally other species for which the therapeutic ratio is less favorable. Fluoroquinolones offer an efficacious, well-tolerated, and cost-effective alternative to parenteral therapies of selected infections.

show abstract

“…Ciprofloxacin is effective in the treatment of urinary, lower respiratory tract, skin, bone, and joint infections caused by many gram-negative and some gram-positive organisms (2,8,9). Those gram-negative organisms with high levels of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin include Escherichia coli and Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Neisseria, and Haemophilus species (4,13,16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic profiles of ciprofloxacin after single intravenous and oral doses

Lettieri

Rogge

Kaiser

et al. 1992

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ciprofloxacin was administered to 12 healthy male volunteers at doses of 300 and 400 mg intravenously (i.v.) and 500 and 750 mg orally in a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, four-period crossover study. On each treatment day, each subject received both oral and i.v. formulations, one of which was a placebo. Blood and urine samples were obtained through 24 h postdose. By each dosing route, the pharmacokinetic profiles were dose proportional. The 400-mg i.v. dose was equivalent to the 500-mg oral dose with respect to the area under the concentration-time curve and was equivalent to the 750-mg oral dose with respect to the maximum concentration of ciprofloxacin in serum. The oral bioavailability was 78.0%. The steady-state volume of distribution averaged 178 liters, and the terminal half-life in serum after i.v. dosing was approximately 4.3 h. Renal clearance accounted for approximately 60% of total body clearance. No significant adverse events were associated with either route of administration.

show abstract

Efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in patients with respiratory infections in comparison with amoxycillin

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents.

Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents.

Fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents

Pharmacokinetic profiles of ciprofloxacin after single intravenous and oral doses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About