Efficacy and safety of dimeticones in the treatment of epidermal parasitic skin diseases with special emphasis on tungiasis: an evidence-based critical review

Miller, Hollman; Trujillo-Trujillo, Julián; Mutebi, Francis; Feldmeier, Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2020.01.004

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…El sobrenombre de las gentes de Popayán es "patojo" , término que alude a personas con los pies torcidos o cojos, cuya forma de caminar imita la de los patos. Tunga penetrans, más conocida en la región como "nigua" , era muy frecuente en la ciudad y al introducirse en los pies impedía que los afectados caminaran normalmente, lo que dio origen al gentilicio (3,4,6,7).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En estudios recientes se ha evaluado la efectividad del tratamiento tópico con una dimeticona conocida como NYDA™, con resultados esperanzadores. La dimeticona se aplica sobre el cono abdominal trasero de la pulga que sobresale por encima de la piel, ya que allí terminan y empiezan varios sistemas vitales del parásito, con lo que se ataca sus sistemas respiratorio, digestivo y genital 3 . La tungiasis es una enfermedad desatendida y falta evidencia sobre este tipo de tratamiento.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Es una enfermedad endémica en el África subsahariana, el Caribe y América Latina, donde tradicionalmente se ha asociado a poblaciones que viven en zonas rurales en condiciones marginales y precarias. En las comunidades endémicas, la prevalencia puede llegar hasta el 30 % en la población general y el 85 % en los niños (3,8,9). La tungiasis era común en Colombia.…”

Section: Tungiasis In the Urban Area Of Popayán Colombia: A Case Reportunclassified

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Tungiasis en el área urbana de Popayán, Colombia: reporte de caso

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La tungiasis es una ectoparasitosis endémica en Latinoamérica y está asociada a factores de riesgo como la ruralidad, la pobreza y la convivencia con animales. Popayán, una ciudad al suroccidente de Colombia, fue históricamente afectada por la tungiasis, tanto así que a sus habitantes los apodan “patojos” debido a la forma de caminar de sus habitantes infestados por la pulga. Hoy la enfermedad se creía eliminada.Se presenta el caso de un niño de 12 años procedente del área urbana de Popayán, que consultó por lesiones papulares de bordes circulares, centro negruzco y halo hiperqueratósico en ambos pies, de un mes de evolución. Por los hallazgos clínicos se sospechó tungiasis y se le administró ivermectina. Las lesiones se removieron quirúrgicamente y se enviaron para análisis parasitológico, el cual confirmó la presencia de Tunga penetrans. La evolución del paciente fue satisfactoria. La Secretaría de Salud Municipal de Popayán inspeccionó el domicilio del paciente y encontró perros migrantes del Pacífico colombiano en sus alrededores, algunos con lesiones sospechosas de tungiasis.Se documenta, así, el resurgimiento de esta enfermedad en el área urbana, probablemente debido a la migración de animales desde las zonas rurales. Es importante reconocer la existencia de la pulga en zonas rurales y urbanas, hacer el diagnóstico médico y reportar los casos a los entes de vigilancia. Estas acciones permitirán ofrecer un apropiado manejo y control sanitario de esta ectoparasitosis desatendida en humanos y animales.

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Section: Tungiasis In the Urban Area Of Popayán Colombia: A Case Reportunclassified

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Tungiasis en el área urbana de Popayán, Colombia: reporte de caso

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“…Sometimes, these secondary infections lead to gangrene resulting in loss of extremities [ 12 , 22 ]. Though the most common treatment method for mild infestations in a formal health facility is excision and administration of antibiotics depending on severity, several chemical and medicinal treatments have been suggested for severe and complicated infestations, with varying levels of success [ 9 , 23 – 27 ]. Plant-based repellents have also been suggested to prevent new cases [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of dogs and proximity to a wildlife reserve increase household level risk of tungiasis in Kwale, Kenya

et al. 2021

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Introduction Tungiasis is a ectopic skin disease caused by some species of fleas in the Tunga genus, most notably T. penetrans. The disease afflicts poor and marginalized communities in developing countries. Transmission of tungiasis comprises a complex web of factors including domesticated animals and wildlife. This research explores animal and environmental risk factors for tungiasis in an area adjacent to a wildlife reserve in Kwale, Kenya. Methods A two-stage complex sampling strategy was used. Households were selected from three areas in and around Kwale Town, Kenya, an area close to the Kenyan Coast. Households were listed as positive if at least one member had tungiasis. Each household was administered a questionnaire regarding tungiasis behaviors, domesticated animal assets, and wild animal species that frequent the peridomiciliary area. Associations of household tungiasis were tests with household and environmental variables using regression methods. Results The study included 319 households. Of these, 41 (12.85%) were found to have at least one person who had signs of tungiasis. There were 295 (92.48%) households that possessed at least one species of domesticated animal. It was reported that wildlife regularly come into the vicinity of the home 90.59% of households. Presence of dogs around the home (OR 3.85; 95% CI 1.84; 8.11) and proximity to the park were associated with increased risk for tungiasis infestation in humans in a multivariate regression model. Conclusions Human tungiasis is a complex disease associated with domesticated and wild animals. Canines in particular appear to be important determinants of household level risk.

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“…Tungiasis (sand flea disease or jigger infestation), is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by penetration of an ectoparasite, female sand flea, Tunga penetrans. [1][2][3] It is rampant in resource-limited communities in Latin America, the Caribbean and sub-Saharan Africa, 2 where children (aged 5-14 years) and the elderly (≥60 years) are most heavily affected, with prevalence data ranging Strengths and limitations of this study ► Given tungiasis affects the most disadvantaged communities, this work has an ultimate objective of reducing the tungiasis burden and improving the health and well-being of affected children and communities in Kenya. ► Educational and community support packages (eg, health education using flip charts) delivered to the participating communities as part of this study, will help facilitate the appropriate control of tungiasis with sustainable benefits to the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of tungiasis using a tea tree oil-based gel formulation: protocol for a randomised controlled proof-of-principle trial

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IntroductionTungiasis (sand flea disease or jigger infestation) is a neglected tropical disease caused by penetration of female sand fleas, Tunga penetrans, in the skin. The disease inflicts immense pain and suffering on millions of people, particularly children, in Latin America, the Caribbean and sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, there is no standard treatment for tungiasis, and a simple, safe and effective tungiasis treatment option is required. Tea tree oil (TTO) has long been used as a parasiticidal agent against ectoparasites such as headlice, mites and fleas with proven safety and efficacy data. However, current data are insufficient to warrant a recommendation for its use in tungiasis. This trial aims to generate these data by comparing the safety and efficacy of a 5% (v/w) TTO proprietary gel formulation with 0.05% (w/v) potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solution for tungiasis treatment.Methods and analysisThis trial is a randomised controlled trial (RCT) in primary schools (n=8) in South-Western Kenya. The study will include school children (n=88) aged 6–15 years with a confirmed diagnosis of tungiasis. The participants will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive a 3-day two times a day treatment of either 5% TTO gel or 0.05% KMnO4 solution. Two viable embedded sandflea lesions per participant will be targeted and the viability of these lesions will be followed throughout the study using a digital handheld microscope. The primary outcome is the proportion of observed viable embedded sand fleas that have lost viability (non-viable lesions) by day 10 (9 days after first treatment). Secondary outcomes include improvement in acute tungiasis morbidities assessed using a validated severity score for tungiasis, safety assessed through adverse events and product acceptability assessed by interviewing the participants to rate the treatment in terms of effectiveness, side effects, convenience, suitability and overall satisfaction.Ethics and disseminationThe trial protocol has been reviewed and approved by the University of Canberra Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC-2019-2114). The findings of the study will be presented at scientific conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numbersAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001610123); PACTR202003651095100 and U1111-1243-2294.

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Efficacy and safety of dimeticones in the treatment of epidermal parasitic skin diseases with special emphasis on tungiasis: an evidence-based critical review

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Tungiasis en el área urbana de Popayán, Colombia: reporte de caso

Tungiasis en el área urbana de Popayán, Colombia: reporte de caso

Presence of dogs and proximity to a wildlife reserve increase household level risk of tungiasis in Kwale, Kenya

Treatment of tungiasis using a tea tree oil-based gel formulation: protocol for a randomised controlled proof-of-principle trial

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