Efficacy and safety of fosphenytoin for acute encephalopathy in children

Nakazawa, Mika; Akasaka, Manami; Hasegawa, Takeshi; Suzuki, Tomonori; Taguchi, Shima; Takanashi, Jun‐ichi; Yamamoto, Akira; Ishidou, Yuuki; Kikuchi, Kenjiro; Niijima, Shinichi; Shimizu, Toshiaki; Okumura, Akihisa

doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2014.06.009

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Other agents reported as potentially effective for ALERD include fosphenytoin, L-carnitine and vitamins, and erythropoietin. [ 15 ]…”

Section: T Reatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion

Kamate

2018

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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Treatment and outcome of children with acute encephalopathy depend on the cause, prompt treatment of the underlying cause, and use of adequate supportive measures. Many novel causes of acute encephalopathy are emerging where lumbar puncture, computed tomography of the head, and routine biochemical testing can be normal such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and febrile infection-related refractory epilepsy syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the workup of children with acute leukoencephalopathy. Despite this in few cases, a correct diagnosis is not possible and novel conditions have been described in the last decade. One such condition is acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and restricted diffusion also called as acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion. Here, the routine MRI sequences such as T1, T2, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences can be normal. Here, we have reviewed the etiology, types, clinicoradiological features, and treatment of this condition.

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“…Other agents reported as potentially effective for ALERD include fosphenytoin, L-carnitine and vitamins, and erythropoietin. [ 15 ]…”

Section: T Reatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion

Kamate

2018

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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“…There are several reports regarding efficacy of fPHT or cMDL treatment [7][8][9]11]. fPHT has been reported to be effective in a few retrospective studies [8,9,11]. The rate of seizure cessation following treatment with fPHT was 65% in a study of pediatric patients with status epilepticus [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…fPHT has been reported to be effective in a few retrospective studies [8,9,11]. The rate of seizure cessation following treatment with fPHT was 65% in a study of pediatric patients with status epilepticus [8]. The rate of prevention of seizure recurrence following treatment with fPHT was reported to be 81% in adults after status epilepticus [11] and 87% in children with benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in general, impaired consciousness was not a major adverse effect of fPHT [12,13]. Although hypotension or cardiac arrhythmias have sometimes been reported with the use of fPHT [12,13], a recent study of virus-associated acute encephalopathy in children revealed no obvious adverse effects of this treatment, including cardiovascular effects and impaired consciousness [8]. In contrast, benzodiazepines such as midazolam often lead to cardio-respiratory depression and impaired consciousness [7,12,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, continuous intravenous midazolam (cMDL) had commonly been used as second-line treatment for pediatric status epilepticus in Japan [6,7]. The efficacies of fPHT and cMDL have been reported in several previous studies [7][8][9]. However, reports on the adverse effects of these therapies, specifically central nervous system (CNS) depression, are limited [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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