Efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for COVID-19 patients

Fatima, Maurish; Azeem, Saleha; Saeed, Junaid; Shahid, Abia; Cheema, Huzaifa Ahmad; on-behalf-of-the-COVID-Nineteen-Therapeutics-Study-Group,

doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2022.05.024

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…24 In the present study, molnupiravir was effective in reducing the risks of mortality and hospitalization in nonhospitalized patients (mortality, RR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.03-0.54; hospitalization, RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49-0.92) but not in hospitalized patients (RR, 2.41; 95% CI, 0.56-10.35). 24 However, relative to that meta-analysis, the present findings were based on a considerably larger number of patients and a greater number of RCTs. 24 In addition, the present study also conducted subgroup analysis on the basis of vaccination status and discovered that the benefit of molnupiravir use was only evident in unvaccinated patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…24 However, relative to that meta-analysis, the present findings were based on a considerably larger number of patients and a greater number of RCTs. 24 In addition, the present study also conducted subgroup analysis on the basis of vaccination status and discovered that the benefit of molnupiravir use was only evident in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the present study provides more information about the usefulness of molnupiravir on the basis of evidence that is more robust than that reported by the other study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Therefore, the present study provides more information about the usefulness of molnupiravir on the basis of evidence that is more robust than that reported by the other study. 24 Both the clinical efficacy and safety of molnupiravir were assessed. The analysis did not reveal any significant difference between molnupiravir use and placebo or standard of care with respect to the risks of all AEs, severe AEs, drug-related AEs, and discontinuation of a study drug due to AEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized control trials

Huang

Liu

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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The efficacy of molnupiravir in treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been inconsistent across randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Thus, this meta‐analysis was conducted to clarify the literature. A literature search of electronic databases—PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library—was performed to identify relevant articles published up to December 31, 2022. Only RCTs that investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for patients with COVID‐19 were included. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality at 28–30 days. This pooled analysis of nine RCTs did not reveal a significant difference in all‐cause mortality between molnupiravir and control groups (risk ratio [RR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–1.77) for overall patients. However, the risks of mortality and hospitalization were lower in the molnupiravir group than in the control group (mortality: RR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.10–0.79; hospitalization: RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45–0.99) among nonhospitalized patients. In addition, molnupiravir use was associated with a borderline higher virological eradication rate relative to the control (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00–1.11). Finally, no significant difference in adverse event risk was discovered between the groups (RR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.89–1.08). The findings reveal the clinical benefits of molnupiravir for nonhospitalized patients with COVID‐19. However, molnupiravir may not improve the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients. These findings support the recommended use of molnupiravir for treating nonhospitalized patients with COVID‐19 but not for hospitalized patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized control trials

Huang

Liu

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The currently available agents with potential therapeutic effects against COVID‐19 include antiviral drugs and monoclonal antibodies (Shanmugaraj, Siriwattananon, Wangkanont, & Phoolcharoen, 2020). Two oral antiviral medications, molnupiravir and paxlovid, have been authorized for emergency use in mild to moderate COVID‐19 patients at high risk of progression to severe disease, including hospitalization and death (Atmar & Finch, 2022; Fatima, Azeem, Saeed, Shahid, & Cheema, 2022). However, the utility of these drugs is limited due to issues such as potential toxicity in children and pregnant women and drug–drug reactions that limit the use of these drugs in at‐risk patients (Atmar & Finch, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin for the treatment of COVID‐19 patients: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Shafiee

Athar

Shahid

et al. 2023

Phytotherapy Research

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Curcumin is a low‐cost and easily accessible therapeutic option for COVID‐19 patients. We aimed to conduct a meta‐analysis to assess the effect of curcumin on clinical outcomes in COVID‐19 patients. Various databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Embase were searched from inception until October 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating curcumin use in COVID‐19 patients. Results from 13 RCTs were pooled using R software version 4.1.0. Curcumin reduced the risk of all‐cause mortality (RR 0.38; 95% CI: 0.20–0.72; moderate certainty of evidence), and patients with no recovery status (RR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.42–0.70; moderate certainty of evidence) but had no effect on the incidence of mechanical ventilation and hospitalization, and the rate of a positive viral PCR test. The results of subgroup analysis suggested a higher benefit with early administration of curcumin (within 5 days of onset of symptoms) and with the use of combination regimens. Curcumin is likely to be of benefit in mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19 patients, but large‐scale RCTs are needed to confirm these findings. The limitations of our meta‐analysis include the small sample sizes of the included RCTs and the variable formulations of curcumin used across the studies.

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“…Breakthrough infections in vaccinated populations with the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in the fifth wave of the pandemic exposed some of these limitations of COVID-19 vaccines and highlighted the need for other medical treatments such as drug therapy [ 5 ]. However, antiviral drugs prove to reduce the risk for severe outcomes and death in non-hospitalized patients or when given in the first 5 days after COVID diagnosis [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], but fewer data are on efficiency in hospitalized patients with severe disease [ 8 ]. These findings reinforce the need not to underestimate general preventive measures and the role of massive testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Knowledge and Attitudes toward COVID-19 Preventive Measures in Romania

et al. 2022

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The World Health Organization warns about the threat of the COVID-19 sixth wave. Our aim was to propose the first validated Romanian questionnaire to assess people’s level of education and attitudes towards general measures to protect against COVID-19 infection. Our study was conducted on a sample of 194 people. The first version of the questionnaire consisted of 40 items. Items that did not meet psychometric criteria were removed. Latent components/factors were identified through exploratory factorial analysis (EFA). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to assess internal fidelity. The EFA identified three factors. Factor 1 was named “Compliance with protective measures”, factor 2 was “Attitudes toward vaccination” and factor 3 was “Attitudes regarding potential COVID-19 therapies”. The final version of the questionnaire consists of 16 items. The test’s final score predicted the presence of vaccination with an accuracy of 0.773. The questionnaire score, the diagnosis of diabetes, the advice provided by healthcare workers and the medical profession proved to be significant predictors of vaccination. The implementation of our questionnaire within national programs could identify populational areas that need specific interventions to reach vaccination targets and prevent a full-blown sixth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania.

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Efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for COVID-19 patients

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Clinical efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized control trials

Clinical efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized control trials

Curcumin for the treatment of COVID‐19 patients: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Assess Knowledge and Attitudes toward COVID-19 Preventive Measures in Romania

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