Efficacy and safety of Nab-paclitaxel in breast cancer: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Worldwide breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in women. Paclitaxel is an effective drug used for the treatment of breast cancer but it has many side effects. Nab-paclitaxel (nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel) is an FDA approved drug for the treatment of breast cancer. Currently many clinical trials are conducted to deliver nab-paclitaxel into the tumor cells. But the efficacy and safety of this nab-paclitaxel over conventional paclitaxel still remains questionable. So, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel in breast cancer treatment. Electronic databases were searched for the suitable studies using key terms 'nab-paclitaxel', 'paclitaxel', and 'clinical trial' with the combination of 'breast cancer' up to August 11, 2019. Risk ratio (RR) and odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. All statistical analyses were performed by the Open Meta-Analyst program. A total of eight studies which fulfilled our criteria were included in this study. For efficacy we retrieved data of 12 months progression free survival, 24 months progression free survival, and overall survival (up to 3 years) and for the safety we took data of nausea, anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, fatigue, diarrhea and pain. We did not found any difference in efficacy of nab-paclitaxel over paclitaxel (12 months progression free survival- RRFE= 0.86, 95%CI= 0.77-0.97, p= 0.02, I2= 25.07%; 24 months progression free survival- RRFE= 0.86, 95% CI= 0.64-1.16, p= 0.34, I2= 0%; and 3 years survival- RRFE= 1.20, 95%CI= 0.92-1.56, p= 0.16, I2= 37.55%). The meta-analysis of studies used nab-paclitaxel showed reduced adverse effect of anemia (ORFE= 1.66, 95% CI= 1.26-2.19; p= <0.001; I2= 0%) and leukopenia (ORFE= 1.37; 95%CI= 1.06-1.75; p= 0.01; I2= 48.63%). However, in case of other adverse effects no significant association was found with nab-paclitaxel (nausea- ORFE=1.15, 95%CI= 0.94-1.41, p= 0.15, I2= 50.12%; neutropenia- ORRE= 0.75, 95%CI= 0.30-1.87, p= 0.54, I2= 94.45%; fatigue- ORRE= 1.11, 95%CI= 0.77-1.62, p= 0.55, I2= 56.02; diarrhea- ORFE= 1.11, 95%CI= 0.77-1.62, p= 0.55; I2= 34.26; pain- ORRE= 1.15, 95%CI= 0.78-1.69, p= 0.45, I2= 52.96%). In conclusion the use of nab-paclitaxel has reduces the side effects of anemia and leukopenia in breast cancer treatment in comparison to paclitaxel but nab-paclitaxel has no effect on the overall survival of the patients.

Toxicity of Nab-Paclitaxel Compared to Paclitaxel in a Tertiary Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Indeed, some clinical trials and meta-analyses showed the superiority of nab-paclitaxel to solvent-based paclitaxel, in terms of efficacy and safety, in patients with metastatic breast cancer and patients with pancreatic cancer [12][13][14]. However, other studies have been done and show that there is no difference between paclitaxel and nab-paclitaxel in their efficacy and safety profile.…”