Efficacy and Safety of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with Adult Standard Size Instruments in Children under 3 Years of Age: A 10 Years Single-Center Experience

Abstract

Due to our experience, utilizing PCNL with adult-sized instruments in management of urolithiasis in less than 3 years old children appeared to be effective and relatively safe.

The feasibility of one-day length of hospital stay after pediatric percutaneous nephrolithotomy

“…Complications rate of 10% to 36.3% had been reported by other studies, which included minor complications in (8%-20%) versus severe complications in (2%-16%) of patients. 12,13 Predictors of complications were studied by a previous multicenter retrospective analysis. That study reported that the operative time, sheath size, mid calyceal puncture, and partial staghorn stones were statistically significant parameters affecting the complication rates.…”

Contemporary minimal invasive surgical management of stones in children

“…However, as success rates have increased and particular experience has been gained in adults, the technique has also begun to be performed in children as monotherapy, or in combination with other approaches in patients with large stone burdens. Concerns about long-term renal damage, small kidney size, relatively big tools, radiation exposure, and danger of significant problems, such as hemorrhage, contributed to the technique's slow adoption in children [ 48 , 49 ].…”