Efficacy and toxicity of hydrogen peroxide producing electrochemical bandages in a porcine explant biofilm model

Tibbits, Gretchen; Mohamed, Abdelrhman; Gelston, Suzanne; Flurin, Laure; Raval, Yash S.; Greenwood‐Quaintance, Kerryl E.; Patel, Robin; Beyenal, Haluk

doi:10.1111/jam.15812

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…10 HOCl-producing e-bandages were tested for 48 hours against 2-day P. aeruginosa biofilms in an in vivo murine dermal wound model. In confirmation of previous tests of this HOCl-producing electrochemical approach, 12,13,15,24 polarization of e-bandages resulted in more HOCl within wounds in comparison to non-polarized and Tegaderm-only controls (161 vs. 67 and 81 µM, respectively) after 48 hours of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The e-bandage and wearable potentiostat are described in previous studies. 15,16 Briefly, the e-bandage comprises three integrated electrodes: functional circular carbon fabric working and counter electrodes, each with surface areas of 1.77 cm 2 (Panex 30 PW-06, Zoltek Companies Inc., St. Louis, MO), along with a silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) wire that functions as a quasi-reference electrode (QRE). The operational potential of the working electrode is maintained at +1.5 V Ag/AgCl using a wearable potentiostat.…”

Section: Electrochemical Bandagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, we used microelectrodes to show that these e-bandages produce HOCl at the working electrode, and that the HOCl can penetrate into biofilms and explant tissue. 15,20 Here, free chlorine spectrophotometer test kits (TNT866; Hach Company, Ames, IA) were used to measure total HOCl content in wounds. Wounds harvested from mice treated with polarized e-bandages had higher levels of HOCl than those treated with non-polarized ebandages (p = 0.170) or Tegaderm alone (p = 0.0045) (Table 1).…”

Section: Polarized E-bandages Produced Hocl In Situmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandages for TreatingPseudomonas aeruginosa-Infected Murine Wounds

Fleming,

Bozyel,

Ozdemir

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A novel electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) delivering low-level hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was evaluated againstPseudomonas aeruginosamurine wound biofilms. 5 mm skin wounds were created on the dorsum of Swiss-Webster mice and infected with 106colony forming units (CFU) ofP. aeruginosa. Biofilms formed over two days, after which e-bandages were placed on the wound beds and covered with Tegaderm™. Mice were administered Tegaderm-only (control), non-polarized e-bandage (no HOCl production), or polarized e-bandage (using an HOCl-producing potentiostat), with or without concurrently administered systemic amikacin. Purulence and wound areas were measured before and after treatment. After 48 hours, animals were sacrificed, and wounds were harvested for bacterial quantification. Forty-eight hours of polarized e-bandage treatment resulted in mean biofilm reductions of 1.4 log10CFUs/g (9.0 vs 7.6 log10; p = 0.0107) vs non-polarized controls, and 2.2 log10CFU/g (9.8 vs 7.6 log10; p = 0.004) vs Tegaderm only controls. Systemic amikacin improved CFU reduction in Tegaderm-only (p = 0.0045) and non-polarized control groups (p = 0.0312), but not in the polarized group (p = 0.3876). Compared to the Tegaderm only group, there was more purulence reduction in the polarized group (p = 0.009), but not in the non-polarized group (p = 0.064). Wound closure was not impeded or improved by either polarized or non-polarized e-bandage treatment. Concurrent amikacin did not impact wound closure or purulence. In conclusion, an HOCl-producing e-bandage reducedP. aeruginosain wound biofilms with no impairment in wound healing, representing a promising antibiotic-free approach for addressing wound infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Electrochemical Bandagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polarized E-bandages Produced Hocl In Situmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandages for TreatingPseudomonas aeruginosa-Infected Murine Wounds

Fleming,

Bozyel,

Ozdemir

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Schematic of porcine explant preparation (1–5), uninfected model (6A–9A), infected model experiments (6B–9B), e‐bandage placement and connection to potentiostat (7–8), PrestoBlue cell viability assay (9A), serial dilution and CFU quantification (9B). The figure was prepared using BioRender©, and modified from (Tibbits et al, 2022). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of a hypochlorous acid‐producing electrochemical bandage as assessed with a porcine explant biofilm model

Tibbits

Mohamed

Gelston

et al. 2022

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The activity of a hypochlorous acid‐producing electrochemical bandage (e‐bandage) in preventing methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection (MRSA) infection and removing biofilms formed by MRSA was assessed using a porcine explant biofilm model. e‐Bandages inhibited S. aureus infection (p = 0.029) after 12 h (h) of exposure and reduced 3‐day biofilm viable cell counts after 6, 12, and 24 h exposures (p = 0.029). Needle‐type microelectrodes were used to assess HOCl concentrations in explant tissue as a result of e‐bandage treatment; toxicity associated with e‐bandage treatment was evaluated. HOCl concentrations in infected and uninfected explant tissue varied between 30 and 80 µM, decreasing with increasing distance from the e‐bandage. Eukaryotic cell viability was reduced by an average of 71% and 65% in fresh and day 3‐old explants, respectively, when compared to explants exposed to nonpolarized e‐bandages. HOCl e‐bandages are a promising technology that can be further developed as an antibiotic‐free treatment for wound biofilm infections.

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“…The e-bandage and wearable potentiostat have been previously described. [15][16][17] Briefly, the e-bandage comprises two carbon fabric electrodes (Panex 30 PW-06, Zoltek Companies Inc., St. Louis, MO) with surfaces measuring 1.77 cm 2 each for the working and counter electrodes, along with a silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) wire serving as a quasi-reference electrode (QRE). A wearable potentiostat, powered by a 3-volt coin cell battery, maintains the operational potential of the working electrode at +1.5 VAg/AgCl.…”

Section: Electrochemical Bandagementioning

confidence: 99%

HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandage is Active in Murine Polymicrobial Wound Infection

Fleming,

Bozyel,

Koscianski

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Wound infections, exacerbated by the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens, necessitate innovative antimicrobial approaches. Polymicrobial infections, often involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), present formidable challenges due to biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a potent antimicrobial agent produced naturally by the immune system, holds promise as an alternative therapy. An electrochemical bandage (e-bandage) that generates HOCl in situ was evaluated for treatment of murine wound biofilm infections containing both MRSA and P. aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance. Previously, the HOCl-producing e-bandage was shown to reduce wound biofilms containing P. aeruginosa alone. Compared to non-polarized e-bandage (no HOCl production) and Tegaderm only controls, the polarized e-bandages reduced bacterial loads in wounds infected with MRSA plus P. aeruginosa (MRSA: vs Tegaderm only - 1.4 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0015, vs. non-polarized - 1.1 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.026. P. aeruginosa: vs Tegaderm only - 1.6 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0015, vs non-polarized - 1.6 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0032), and MRSA alone (vs Tegaderm only - 1.3 log10 CFU/g, p = 0.0048, vs. non-polarized - 1.1 log-10- CFU/g, p = 0.0048), without compromising wound healing or causing tissue toxicity. Addition of systemic antibiotics did not enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of e-bandages, highlighting their potential as standalone therapies. This study provides additional evidence for the HOCl-producing e-bandage as a novel antimicrobial strategy for managing wound infections, including in the context of antibiotic resistance and polymicrobial infections.

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Efficacy and toxicity of hydrogen peroxide producing electrochemical bandages in a porcine explant biofilm model

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandages for TreatingPseudomonas aeruginosa-Infected Murine Wounds

HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandages for TreatingPseudomonas aeruginosa-Infected Murine Wounds

Activity of a hypochlorous acid‐producing electrochemical bandage as assessed with a porcine explant biofilm model

HOCl-producing Electrochemical Bandage is Active in Murine Polymicrobial Wound Infection

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