Efficacy of a combination of 10% imidacloprid and 1% moxidectin against Caparinia tripilis in African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris)

Abstract

BackgroundThe efficacy and safety of a combination formulation of 10% imidacloprid + 1.0% moxidectin spot-on (Advocate® for Cats, Bayer Animal Health GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany) was tested in 40 African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris) naturally infested with Caparinia tripilis.MethodsThe optimal dosage level of the combination for hedgehogs was determined by assigning 20 hedgehogs into three treatment groups (0.1, 0.4 and 1.6 ml/Kg b.w.), and one untreated control group of 5 hedgehogs each. Twenty naturally infested hedgehogs were then randomly assigned to either treatment or control group with 10 animals each, and the number of live mites was counted from 13 body regions on day 0, 3, 9, 16, and 30 after single treatment at the dosage level of 0.1 ml/Kg.ResultsBefore the chemotherapy, the highest density of mite was observed in external ear canals followed by the dorsal and the lowest in the ventral regions of the body surface. The dosage level of 0.1 ml/Kg, which corresponded to the recommended dosage level for cats, containing 10 mg imidacloprid and 1 mg moxidectin was also the optimal dosage level for hedgehogs. No hedgehogs in the treatment group showed live mites from day 3 post treatment. Side effects such as ataxia, depression, nausea, and weight fluctuation were not observed during the whole period of study.ConclusionsThis report suggests that a combination formulation of 0.1 ml/Kg of 10% imidacloprid + 1% moxidectin spot-on for cats is also useful for the control of Caparinia tripilis infestation in hedgehogs.

The dermatitis by Caparinia tripilis and Microsporum , in african pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) in Romania – first report

“…The male has the third pair of legs very long (black arrow), and the fourth, very short (G), with ambulacre on all pairs, and two posterior lobes (double black arrows); each lobe is trilobed, provided with three long settae (single black arrows) (H); a pair of copulatory cups situated posteriorly (black arrow) (H) with which attaches itself to the posterior tubers of deutonymphs (I), forming pairs. was treated with an avermectine and enilconazole, substances with maximum efficacy, which led to complete healing of skin lesions, our results being similar to those reported in the literature (MEREDITH, 2006;KIM et al, 2012b;EO et al, 2015).…”

“…Very good results in African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) therapy, infected with C. tripilis, by utilizing Fluralaner, in a single dose of 15 mg/kg, orally administered with maximum efficacy, have been obtained (ROMERO et al, 2017). Kim et al (2012b) suggest the fact that the species C. tripilis does not have a zoonotic aspect, but can transmit dermatophytes to humans, but Weishaupt et al (2014) communicate an unusual case of a person with T. erinacei, transmitted by the African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris), that he held as a pet, drawing attention to the risk of human infection with dermatophytes. The choice of African pygmy hedgehog as pet requires knowledge of species and race, protection and biological comfort (PARKES, 1975;HEDLEY, 2011;IVEY & CARPENTER, 2012).…”

Treatment of mange caused by Caparinia tripilis in native Korean wild hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis): a case report

“…Treatment options can include ivermectin, selamectin, and fipronil spray (Meredith and Johnson-Delaney 2010). A combination of 10% imidacloprid and 1% moxidectin spot-on for cats was useful for the control of C. tripilis in the African pygmy hedgehog (Kim et al 2012b). Two rinses with 0.03% amitraz (Mitaban, Upjohn Co., Kalamazoo, MI, USA) at one-week intervals is also effective (Letcher 1988).…”

Fluralaner as a single dose oral treatment for Caparinia tripilis in a pygmy African hedgehog

“…The African pygmy hedgehog is one of the exotic pets which has been observed with increasing regularity in veterinary clinics . Limited studies on the control of ectoparasitic diseases of hedgehogs are available . Ectoparasites, especially mites and fleas, are commonly found on African pygmy hedgehogs.…”

“…Topical treatments for capariniasis have included organophosphate dips, spraying with amitraz and application of avermectin spot‐on products labelled for cats (selamectin at 4.5 mg/kg repeated after three weeks and 1% moxidectin/ 10% imidacloprid) . Weekly application of a combination of topical ivermectin and 0.3% amitraz has also been used, requiring two or three repeated doses .…”